Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the developmental changes in Cynanchum thesioides anther

IF 3.4 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Xiaoyao Chang , Xiaoyan Zhang , Xiumei Huang , Zhongren Yang , Fenglan Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cynanchum thesioides, a xerophytic species utilized both as a medicinal herb and a food source, plays a significant role in arid and desert ecosystem management. Its inflorescence is an umbellate cyme, each carrying nearly a thousand flowers; however, its fruiting rate remains remarkably low. The normal development of the anther is a necessary prerequisite for plants to produce seeds. However, our understanding of the anther development process in Cynanchum thesioides remains limited. To better understand the pollen development process in Cynanchum thesioides, the stages of pollen development were determined through paraffin sectioning, and observations were made on the distribution characteristics of polysaccharides and lipid droplets in the pollen development of Cynanchum thesioides using Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS) and 0.5% Sudan Black B tissue staining. Concurrently, the gene expression patterns and metabolite profiles were delineated across various developmental stages of Cynanchum thesioides anthers (T1: microspore stage, T2: tetrad stage, T3: mononuclear stage, and T4: maturation stage). The findings revealed that Cynanchum thesioides pollen is in an aggregate form. Polysaccharides gradually accumulate during maturation and lipid droplets form a surrounding membrane, thereby preventing pollen dispersion. Furthermore, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses across distinct developmental phases uncovered a plethora of differentially expressed genes and metabolites associated with the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Flavonoid levels exhibited dynamic changes concurrent with anther development, aligning with the gene regulatory patterns of the corresponding biosynthetic pathways. The study identified 63 differentially accumulated flavonoid compounds and 21 differentially expressed genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed six MYB and ten bHLH transcription factors as key candidates involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, with CtbHLH (Cluster-6587.1050) and CtMYB (Cluster-6587.31743) specifically regulating structural genes within the pathway. These findings underscore the pivotal role of flavonoid biosynthesis in anther development of Cynanchum thesioides. In conclusion, this research offers a comprehensive insight into the anther development process in Cynanchum thesioides.

茜草花药发育变化的转录组和代谢组分析
茜草(Cynanchum thesioides)是一种旱生植物,既是药草,也是食物来源,在干旱和沙漠生态系统管理中发挥着重要作用。它的花序为伞形聚伞花序,每朵花有近千朵花;然而,它的结果率却非常低。花药的正常发育是植物产生种子的必要前提。然而,我们对Cynanchum thesioides花药发育过程的了解仍然有限。为了更好地了解雏菊花粉的发育过程,研究人员通过石蜡切片确定了雏菊花粉发育的各个阶段,并利用周期性酸-希夫染色法(PAS)和0.5%苏丹黑B组织染色法观察了雏菊花粉发育过程中多糖和脂滴的分布特征。同时,研究人员还描绘了雏菊花药不同发育阶段(T1:小孢子阶段;T2:四分体阶段;T3:单核阶段;T4:成熟阶段)的基因表达模式和代谢物特征。研究结果表明,雏菊花粉呈聚集形态。在成熟过程中,多糖逐渐积累,脂滴形成一层包围膜,从而阻碍了花粉的分散。此外,不同发育阶段的转录组和代谢组分析发现了大量与类黄酮生物合成途径相关的差异表达基因和代谢物。黄酮类化合物的水平随着花药的发育呈现动态变化,与相应生物合成途径的基因调控模式一致。研究发现了63种不同积累的类黄酮化合物和21个与类黄酮生物合成相关的不同表达基因。加权基因共表达网络分析显示,6个MYB和10个bHLH转录因子是参与类黄酮生物合成的关键候选因子,其中CtbHLH(群集-6587.1050)和CtMYB(群集-6587.31743)专门调控该途径中的结构基因。这些发现强调了类黄酮生物合成在茜草花药发育过程中的关键作用。总之,这项研究为我们提供了一个全面了解雏菊花药发育过程的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Genomics
Genomics 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
2.30%
发文量
260
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Genomics is a forum for describing the development of genome-scale technologies and their application to all areas of biological investigation. As a journal that has evolved with the field that carries its name, Genomics focuses on the development and application of cutting-edge methods, addressing fundamental questions with potential interest to a wide audience. Our aim is to publish the highest quality research and to provide authors with rapid, fair and accurate review and publication of manuscripts falling within our scope.
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