NREM Slow-Wave Activity in Adolescents Is Differentially Associated With ADHD Levels and Normalized by Pharmacological Treatment.

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1093/ijnp/pyae025

Vivien Reicher, Orsolya Szalárdy, Róbert Bódizs, Blanka Vojnits, Tárek Zoltán Magyar, Mária Takács, János M Réthelyi, Nóra Bunford

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: A compelling hypothesis about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiopathogenesis is that the ADHD phenotype reflects a delay in cortical maturation. Slow-wave activity (SWA) of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) is an electrophysiological index of sleep intensity reflecting cortical maturation. Available data on ADHD and SWA are conflicting, and developmental differences, or the effect of pharmacological treatment, are relatively unknown.

Methods: We examined, in samples (Mage = 16.4, SD = 1.2), of ever-medicated adolescents at risk for ADHD (n = 18; 72% boys), medication-naïve adolescents at risk for ADHD (n = 15, 67% boys), and adolescents not at risk for ADHD (n = 31, 61% boys) matched for chronological age and controlling for non-ADHD pharmacotherapy, whether ADHD pharmacotherapy modulates the association between NREM SWA and ADHD risk in home sleep.

Results: Findings indicated medication-naïve adolescents at risk for ADHD exhibited greater first sleep cycle and entire night NREM SWA than both ever-medicated adolescents at risk for ADHD and adolescents not at risk for ADHD and no difference between ever-medicated, at-risk adolescents, and not at-risk adolescents.

Conclusions: Results support atypical cortical maturation in medication-naïve adolescents at risk for ADHD that appears to be normalized by ADHD pharmacotherapy in ever-medicated adolescents at risk for ADHD. Greater NREM SWA may reflect a compensatory mechanism in middle-later adolescents at risk for ADHD that normalizes an earlier occurring developmental delay.

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青少年的 Nrem 慢波活动与 Adhd 水平存在差异，药物治疗可使其恢复正常。

背景：有关多动症发病机制的一个令人信服的假设是，多动症的表型反映了大脑皮层成熟的延迟。非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠脑电图（EEG）的慢波活动（SWA）是反映皮质成熟的睡眠强度的电生理指标。有关多动症和 SWA 的现有数据相互矛盾，而发育差异或药物治疗的效果则相对未知：方法：我们对曾经接受过药物治疗的儿童样本（Mage=16.4，SD=1.2）、曾接受药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年（18人，72%为男孩）、未接受药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年（15人，67%为男孩）和非ADHD高危青少年（31人，61%为男孩）的样本（年龄与实际年龄相符），研究在控制非ADHD药物治疗的情况下，ADHD药物治疗是否会调节家庭睡眠中NREM SWA与ADHD风险之间的关联：研究结果表明，与曾经接受过药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年和非ADHD高危青少年相比，未接受过药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年的第一个睡眠周期和整个夜间的NREM SWA更大，而曾经接受过药物治疗的高危青少年与非高危青少年之间没有差异：结论：研究结果表明，在未接受药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年中，大脑皮层的非典型成熟似乎在曾经接受过ADHD药物治疗的ADHD高危青少年中趋于正常。更高的NREM SWA可能反映了中晚期ADHD高危青少年的一种补偿机制，它使早期出现的发育迟缓正常化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

230

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The central focus of the journal is on research that advances understanding of existing and new neuropsychopharmacological agents including their mode of action and clinical application or provides insights into the biological basis of psychiatric disorders and thereby advances their pharmacological treatment. Such research may derive from the full spectrum of biological and psychological fields of inquiry encompassing classical and novel techniques in neuropsychopharmacology as well as strategies such as neuroimaging, genetics, psychoneuroendocrinology and neuropsychology.