Advantages and limitations of mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: an overview of the literature.

Expert review of medical devices Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1080/17434440.2024.2367002
Takafumi Hiranaka
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Abstract

Introduction: Interest in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has recently grown. Mobile bearing UKA, in which the bearing is not fixed but rather perfectly conforms with femoral and tibial components and moves completely passively between the femoral and tibial implant, has now been used for approximately half a century.

Areas covered: Alongside the recognized advantages of UKA, the mobile-bearing variant benefits from an extremely low rate of polyethylene wear and tolerable minor malalignment. Revision rates for UKA have been reported to exceed those of total knee arthroplasty, but long-term survival rates and outcomes from mobile-bearing UKA have been found to be satisfactory. In addition to the lateral osteoarthritis and loosening, which are main complications of UKA, bearing dislocation is a specific complication of mobile bearing UKA. Fractures and valgus subsidence are more prevalent than in the cementless UKA. While these continue to be features to be addressed, they have been partially solved.

Expert opinion: Given the manifold benefits of UKA, its application could be extended to a larger patient population. Successful outcomes rely on careful patient selection and the surgeon's extensive familiarity with the procedure. Looking ahead, the incorporation of robotic surgery, already a feature of some fixed-bearing UKAs, might shape the future trajectory of mobile-bearing UKA.

活动承载式单室膝关节置换术的优点和局限性:文献综述。
导言:最近,人们对单间室膝关节置换术(UKA)的兴趣与日俱增。移动轴承式膝关节置换术(Mobile bearing UKA)的轴承不是固定的,而是与股骨和胫骨组件完全吻合,并在股骨和胫骨植入物之间完全被动地移动:除了公认的UKA优点外,活动承载式还具有聚乙烯磨损率极低、轻微错位可容忍等优点。据报道,UKA的翻修率超过了全膝关节置换术,但移动式UKA的长期存活率和疗效令人满意。除了外侧骨关节炎和松动是UKA的主要并发症外,承重脱位也是活动承重UKA的特殊并发症。与无骨水泥UKA相比,骨折和外翻下陷更为常见。虽然这些问题仍有待解决,但已得到部分解决:专家意见:鉴于UKA的多方面优点,其应用范围可扩大到更多患者。成功的结果有赖于对患者的精心选择和外科医生对手术的广泛熟悉。展望未来,机器人手术已经成为一些固定式UKA的特点,它可能会塑造未来移动式UKA的发展轨迹。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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