Grain yield and quality responses to nitrogen application rate and timing in dry direct broadcast seeded rice under different weather conditions

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Ryo Tanaka, Hiroshi Nakano
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Abstract

In rice (Oryza sativa L.) production, dry direct seeding is one of the most essential technologies to reduce labor input and to increase net income. Field experiments were conducted in southwestern Japan in 2019 and 2020 to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) application rate and timing on grain yield, lodging, grain appearance, and protein content in dry direct broadcast seeded rice under different weather conditions. In 2019, plants had larger source ability using the normal solar radiation at the tillering stage, regardless of N application timings. Plants with applied N at the reproductive stage produced the highest grain yield and the highest percentage of undamaged grains under high air temperature condition during the early ripening stage. In 2020, plants did not have larger source ability due to the lower solar radiation at the tillering stage. Plants with applied N at the reproductive stage produced the highest grain yield but produced the highest percentage of green immature grains. These results mean that solar radiation at the tillering stage may be important for increasing grain yield and quality in dry direct broadcast seeded rice. Therefore, since plants grown under normal solar radiation condition at the tillering stage may have large source ability, more N application at the reproductive stage may be recommended to increase grain yield. In contrast, since plants grown under low solar radiation condition at the tillering stage may have small source ability, less N application at the reproductive stage may be recommended to decrease the occurrence of green immature grains.

Abstract Image

不同气候条件下旱稻直播的谷粒产量和品质对施氮量和施氮时间的反应
在水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生产中,旱直播是减少劳动力投入和增加纯收入的最基本技术之一。2019 年和 2020 年,研究人员在日本西南部进行了田间试验,以确定不同天气条件下氮肥施用量和施用时间对水稻旱直播的谷粒产量、结实率、谷粒外观和蛋白质含量的影响。2019 年,无论施氮时间如何,植株在分蘖期利用正常太阳辐射的源能力都较大。在早熟期的高气温条件下,生育期施氮的植株产量最高,未损坏谷粒的比例也最高。2020 年,由于分蘖期太阳辐射较低,植株没有较大的源能力。在生育期施用氮的植株产量最高,但绿色未成熟谷粒的比例也最高。这些结果表明,分蘖期的太阳辐射可能对提高旱直播水稻的谷物产量和质量很重要。因此,由于分蘖期在正常太阳辐射条件下生长的植株可能具有较大的源能力,建议在生育期施用更多的氮以提高谷物产量。相反,由于分蘖期在低太阳辐射条件下生长的植株源能力可能较小,因此建议在生育期少施氮,以减少青色不成熟谷粒的出现。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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