Scaphoid Fractures Requiring Bone Graft: Does Graft Source Matter?

Abstract

Background: Treatment of scaphoid fractures often requires bone grafting. In such cases, bone graft is traditionally harvested from the iliac crest, but utilizing the distal radius carries less morbidity and is becoming more popular. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of treatment of scaphoid waist fractures with the use of distal radius and iliac crest bone grafts.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing repair of a scaphoid waist fracture with bone graft at our institution between 2010 and 2020 was completed. Bone graft was used in patients with nonunion, humpback deformity, or for correction of scaphoid alignment. The primary outcome was rate of union as determined by postoperative X-ray or computed tomography scan. Fisher exact tests, Student t tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used as appropriate.

Results: Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. Twenty-nine patients were treated with distal radius bone graft, and 10 were treated with an iliac crest graft. There was no statistical difference in union rate between the distal radius and iliac crest cohorts (97% vs 80%, P = .16). There was no significant difference for complication rates, rate of unplanned secondary surgery, time to union, postoperative scapholunate angle, or duration of immobilization.

Conclusions: In the fixation of scaphoid waist fractures with bone graft, there is no significant difference in union rate between distal radius and iliac crest grafts. With the well-documented morbidity associated with iliac crest grafts, surgeons should consider using distal radius grafts instead of iliac crest grafts.