Effectiveness of Drive-By Monitoring in Short-Span Bridges: A Real-Scale Experimental Evaluation

IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Kyriaki Gkoktsi, Flavio Bono, Daniel Tirelli
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Abstract

This paper experimentally assesses the efficacy of the indirect Structural Health Monitoring (iSHM) framework on a full-scale short-span bridge of nine meters long, using an instrumented vehicle with non-negligible mass with respect to the mass of the bridge. Emphasis is given to the dynamic identification of the two mechanical systems through Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) on both the vehicle and the bridge. The EMA vehicle testing is among the main contributions of this paper, as such data become available in experimental iSHM implementations for the first time in the literature. Thus, new insights are brought on the vehicle’s dual role as a roving sensing unit and a vibrating mechanical system. A wireless sensor network is adopted that supports a dual monitoring system, i.e., an indirect system with accelerometers on the vehicle and a conventional system with fixed sensors on the bridge. Under a stationary vehicle’s position on the bridge, it is shown that a strong dynamic coupling occurs between the two systems due to their high mass ratio and the vehicle’s function as a Spring Mass Damper (SMD). In vehicle’s moving state, it is demonstrated that transfer of energy occurs between the vehicle and the bridge, which both oscillate under multiple modes of vibration that change over time. It is identified that four main parameters influence the quality of the extracted bridge natural frequencies from the vehicle-acquired data, i.e., (i) the filtering properties of the vehicle, (ii) the effective signals length in the presence of road discontinuities, (iii) the speed trade-offs, and (iv) the level of vehicle-induced bridge excitation and its transmissibility level. The careful consideration of those parameters determines the effectiveness of iSHM implementations in short-span bridges.

Abstract Image

短跨度桥梁驱动监控的有效性:真实规模的实验评估
本文通过实验评估了间接结构健康监测(iSHM)框架在一座九米长的全尺寸短跨度桥梁上的功效,使用的是质量相对于桥梁质量不可忽略的仪器车辆。重点是通过对车辆和桥梁的实验模态分析(EMA)对两个机械系统进行动态识别。EMA 车辆测试是本文的主要贡献之一,因为此类数据在文献中首次出现在 iSHM 实验实施中。因此,本文对车辆作为巡回传感装置和振动机械系统的双重角色提出了新的见解。采用的无线传感器网络支持双重监测系统,即在车辆上安装加速度计的间接系统和在桥梁上安装固定传感器的传统系统。结果表明,当车辆在桥梁上处于静止状态时,由于车辆的高质量比和车辆作为弹簧质量阻尼器(SMD)的功能,两个系统之间会产生很强的动态耦合。在车辆移动状态下,车辆和桥梁之间会发生能量传递,这两个系统会在随时间变化的多种振动模式下发生振荡。研究发现,有四个主要参数会影响从车辆采集数据中提取桥梁自然频率的质量,即:(i) 车辆的滤波特性;(ii) 道路不连续时的有效信号长度;(iii) 速度权衡;(iv) 车辆引起的桥梁激励水平及其传递水平。对这些参数的仔细考虑决定了 iSHM 在短跨桥梁中实施的有效性。
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来源期刊
Structural Control & Health Monitoring
Structural Control & Health Monitoring 工程技术-工程:土木
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
13.00%
发文量
234
审稿时长
8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal Structural Control and Health Monitoring encompasses all theoretical and technological aspects of structural control, structural health monitoring theory and smart materials and structures. The journal focuses on aerospace, civil, infrastructure and mechanical engineering applications. Original contributions based on analytical, computational and experimental methods are solicited in three main areas: monitoring, control, and smart materials and structures, covering subjects such as system identification, health monitoring, health diagnostics, multi-functional materials, signal processing, sensor technology, passive, active and semi active control schemes and implementations, shape memory alloys, piezoelectrics and mechatronics. Also of interest are actuator design, dynamic systems, dynamic stability, artificial intelligence tools, data acquisition, wireless communications, measurements, MEMS/NEMS sensors for local damage detection, optical fibre sensors for health monitoring, remote control of monitoring systems, sensor-logger combinations for mobile applications, corrosion sensors, scour indicators and experimental techniques.
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