{"title":"Development of the dynamic approach for detection of Salmonella Typhi biofilm via optimizations of interaction with safranin dye","authors":"Aditya Upadhyay, Dharm Pal, Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01716-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Salmonella</i> Typhi infection is showing as a negative alarm for human health due to the occurrence of life-threatening typhoid fever and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The infection becomes chronic due to the biofilm formation of <i>S.</i> Typhi, which plays a significant role in antibiotic resistance. The <i>S.</i> Typhi can survive under various stress conditions such as antibiotic stress, host immune stress, environmental stress, and nutritional stress in the biofilm stage. Biofilm provides a protective cover to the <i>S.</i> Typhi and prevents the entry of antibiotics inside the bacterial cells. Thus, biofilm is the root cause of the problem. Therefore, this study explores the easy detection of <i>S.</i> Typhi biofilms using safranin dye with specific concentrations. We performed the biofilm growth kinetics, qualitative assessment of the biofilm formations, and safranin interactions to finalize the specific concentrations of safranin (0.5 mg/mL) to detect the <i>S.</i> Typhi biofilm condition. The study was validated at 0.5 mg/mL safranin concentrations with the help of RSM analysis and kinetics study of the typhoidal biofilm. The study is important because the obtained results indicated the precise detection of <i>S.</i> Typhi biofilm, which is useful for all phases of biofilm detection. The study provided new directions for typhoidal biofilm staining that could be an emerging methodology in the area of health sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biologia","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01716-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Salmonella Typhi infection is showing as a negative alarm for human health due to the occurrence of life-threatening typhoid fever and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The infection becomes chronic due to the biofilm formation of S. Typhi, which plays a significant role in antibiotic resistance. The S. Typhi can survive under various stress conditions such as antibiotic stress, host immune stress, environmental stress, and nutritional stress in the biofilm stage. Biofilm provides a protective cover to the S. Typhi and prevents the entry of antibiotics inside the bacterial cells. Thus, biofilm is the root cause of the problem. Therefore, this study explores the easy detection of S. Typhi biofilms using safranin dye with specific concentrations. We performed the biofilm growth kinetics, qualitative assessment of the biofilm formations, and safranin interactions to finalize the specific concentrations of safranin (0.5 mg/mL) to detect the S. Typhi biofilm condition. The study was validated at 0.5 mg/mL safranin concentrations with the help of RSM analysis and kinetics study of the typhoidal biofilm. The study is important because the obtained results indicated the precise detection of S. Typhi biofilm, which is useful for all phases of biofilm detection. The study provided new directions for typhoidal biofilm staining that could be an emerging methodology in the area of health sciences.
期刊介绍:
Established in 1946, Biologia publishes high-quality research papers in the fields of microbial, plant and animal sciences. Microbial sciences papers span all aspects of Bacteria, Archaea and microbial Eucarya including biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics. Plant sciences topics include fundamental research in taxonomy, geobotany, genetics and all fields of experimental botany including cellular, whole-plant and community physiology. Zoology coverage includes animal systematics and taxonomy, morphology, ecology and physiology from cellular to molecular level.