The family emotional system

IF 0.7 4区 心理学 Q4 FAMILY STUDIES
Daniel V. Papero
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Abstract

The family emotional system (FES) regulates the functioning of the human family. As described by Bowen, the FES contains several components. Two forces, the togetherness and individuality forces, function in proportional opposition to one another. Anxiety, the emotional response of the organism to real or imagined threat, provides the motivational energy that powers the system. Two equilibria lie at the centre of the family emotional system, emotional equilibrium and functional equilibrium. When the two are in balance, a condition Bowen called emotional harmony prevails. A third equilibrium, the togetherness–individuality equilibrium, regulates the lability of emotional harmony. Disturbances of emotional harmony result in the activation of automatic mechanisms and processes that support the restoration of emotional harmony. Like the mechanisms that support homeostasis in the living organism, they work optimally when rapidly engaged and quickly disengaged when balance is restored. Prolonged disturbance of emotional harmony results in a resetting of the togetherness–individuality equilibrium in favour of increased togetherness, establishing a new, more sensitive set point around which the FES now stabilises. To maintain the new more labile condition, one or more of the mechanisms becomes chronically engaged, indicating an emotional adaptation of the system and a potential for the development of a symptom as a consequence of the adaptation. Finally, the work on differentiation of self (One of eight concepts that comprise the formal Bowen theory, the scale of differentiation of self places human functioning on a single continuum based upon ‘… the degree to which people are able to distinguish between the feeling process and the intellectual process (Bowen, 1978, p. 355)’. The degree of differentiation, according to Bowen, affects how people manage themselves in personal relationships and in their efforts to adapt to the challenges of life (Bowen, 1978). The work on differentiation, an aspect of family psychotherapy, describes the effort people make to become better observers of themselves in relationships and in the processes of problem-solving related to challenge. It involves the effort the person makes to manage emotional reactiveness, an instinctive, reflexive response to stimuli encountered, to guide behavior thoughtfully, and to enhance emotional autonomy within the network or system of family relationships.) can lead to a progressive reset of the balance from less to more stable, representing an enhancement of adaptive competency.

家庭情感系统
家庭情感系统(FES)调节着人类家庭的功能。正如鲍恩所描述的,家庭情感系统包含几个组成部分。两股力量,即团结力量和个性力量,按比例相互对抗。焦虑是有机体对真实或想象中的威胁所产生的情绪反应,它为该系统提供了动力能量。家庭情感系统的中心有两个平衡点,即情感平衡和功能平衡。当两者达到平衡时,鲍温称之为情感和谐。第三种平衡,即团结-个性平衡,调节着情感和谐的不稳定性。情绪和谐受到干扰时,会启动自动机制和程序,支持恢复情绪和谐。就像支持生物体内平衡的机制一样,这些机制在迅速启动时能发挥最佳作用,而在恢复平衡时又能迅速解除。情绪和谐长期受到干扰,会导致 "团结 "与 "个体性 "之间的平衡重置,从而有利于 "团结 "的增加,建立一个新的、更敏感的设定点,使 "团结与个体性 "系统稳定下来。为了维持这种新的更加不稳定的状态,一种或多种机制开始长期介入,这表明该系统在情感上发生了适应性变化,并有可能因这种适应性变化而出现某种症状。最后,关于自我分化的研究(自我分化量表是构成正式鲍恩理论的八个概念之一,它根据"......人们能够区分感觉过程和智力过程的程度(鲍恩,1978 年,第 355 页)",将人类功能置于一个单一的连续体上。鲍恩认为,分化的程度会影响人们如何在人际关系中管理自己,以及如何努力适应生活的挑战(鲍恩,1978 年)。分化工作是家庭心理治疗的一个方面,它描述了人们在人际关系中以及在与挑战有关的问题解决过程中,为了更好地观察自己而做出的努力。它包括人们努力管理情绪反应,即对所遇到的刺激做出本能的、反射性的反应,深思熟虑地指导行为,并在家庭关系网络或系统中增强情绪自主性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
14.30%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: The ANZJFT is reputed to be the most-stolen professional journal in Australia! It is read by clinicians as well as by academics, and each issue includes substantial papers reflecting original perspectives on theory and practice. A lively magazine section keeps its finger on the pulse of family therapy in Australia and New Zealand via local correspondents, and four Foreign Correspondents report on developments in the US and Europe.
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