Pollinator planting establishment and bee visitation are influenced by seeding rate and post‐seeding management

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Jacquelyn A. Perkins, Jenna Walters, Logan Rowe, Julia Brokaw, Lauren Gedlinske, Elisabeth Anderson, Sichao Wang, Rufus Isaacs
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Abstract

Perennial wildflower plantings are commonly used to support pollinators and other beneficial insects, but their establishment can be costly, and few studies have directly compared the effectiveness of different management strategies for wildflower establishment. To determine the relative importance of pre‐seeding weed control, seed density, and post‐seeding management on seed mix establishment, we developed a multifactorial field experiment in a grass‐dominated weed community. Pre‐seeding management treatments (mowing, herbicide, or soybean cover crops) did not affect the stem density of sown plants, or the percent of ground covered by sown plants. However, the percent of ground covered by weeds was significantly influenced by pre‐seeding treatments, with infrequent mowing resulting in significantly less weedy ground cover than the herbicide or soybean pre‐seeding treatments. Plots with a higher seeding rate had a significantly greater density of sown wildflower species and a higher percent cover of these species after 3 years. Plots that received no post‐seeding management had higher stem density, a greater percent ground cover of sown forbs, and higher species richness compared to those that were intensively managed (mow or mow + herbicide). The total number of bee visits (honey bees, bumble bees, and other wild bees) increased with higher forb species richness, higher ground cover of sown forbs, and higher sown species richness. Doubling the density of seeds resulted in a 24.3% increase in the number of wild bees observed. When establishing wildflower habitat for pollinators, investment in ground preparation and seeding density has the greatest impact on sown species establishment.
授粉植物的种植和蜜蜂的光顾受播种率和播种后管理的影响
多年生野花种植通常用于支持传粉昆虫和其他益虫,但野花种植成本高昂,很少有研究直接比较不同管理策略对野花种植的效果。为了确定播种前杂草控制、种子密度和播种后管理对混合种子建立的相对重要性,我们在一个以草为主的杂草群落中开展了一项多因素田间试验。播种前的管理处理(除草、除草剂或大豆覆盖作物)并不影响播种植物的茎干密度或播种植物的地面覆盖率。但是,杂草覆盖面积的百分比受到播种前处理的显著影响,与除草剂或大豆播种前处理相比,不经常除草导致杂草覆盖面积显著减少。播种率较高的地块播种野花物种的密度明显更大,3 年后这些物种的覆盖率也更高。与强化管理(除草或除草+除草剂)的地块相比,未进行播种后管理的地块茎干密度更高,播种草本植物的地面覆盖率更高,物种丰富度更高。蜜蜂(蜜蜂、熊蜂和其他野生蜜蜂)的总来访次数随着较高的草本植物物种丰富度、较高的播种草本植物地面覆盖率和较高的播种物种丰富度而增加。种子密度增加一倍后,观察到的野生蜜蜂数量增加了 24.3%。在为传粉昆虫建立野花栖息地时,投资整地和播种密度对播种物种的建立影响最大。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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