{"title":"Trends in the Ionic Composition of Lake Ladoga","authors":"M. A. Guseva, V. Yu. Shmakova","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924030087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The sum of ions of the basic Lake Ladoga water mass has varied quite significantly from 55.6 to 71.6 mg/L over the past 60 years. In the present paper, separate periods of the mineralization growth are identified. It is shown that the change in the mineralization of Lake Ladoga has been always accompanied by a significant change in the ratio of basic ion concentrations. Any significant trends in the total mineralization of Lake Ladoga over the analyzed period have not been identified, but periods of the growth and decrease in the number of ions have been revealed. Until 1998, the periods of increased mineralization, as a rule, were accompanied by an increase in concentrations of <span>\\(\\rm SO_4^{2-}\\)</span> and <span>\\(\\rm Cl^{-}\\)</span>, most likely coming from the catchment area due to industrial and household pollution. During 2009–2019, the mineralization was growing mainly due to an increase in the absolute and relative concentrations of <span>\\(\\rm HCO_3^-\\)</span>. At the same time, the concentration of dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> in the main water mass of the lake also was increasing (and, consequently, pH was decreasing). Thus, the changes in the bicarbonate ion concentration in the water of Lake Ladoga may be largely determined by an increase in its inflow from the catchment area, whose possible reason is the enhancement of the chemical weathering of carbonate rocks due to the increasing concentrations of dissolved <span>\\(\\rm CO_2\\)</span> in the water.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924030087","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The sum of ions of the basic Lake Ladoga water mass has varied quite significantly from 55.6 to 71.6 mg/L over the past 60 years. In the present paper, separate periods of the mineralization growth are identified. It is shown that the change in the mineralization of Lake Ladoga has been always accompanied by a significant change in the ratio of basic ion concentrations. Any significant trends in the total mineralization of Lake Ladoga over the analyzed period have not been identified, but periods of the growth and decrease in the number of ions have been revealed. Until 1998, the periods of increased mineralization, as a rule, were accompanied by an increase in concentrations of \(\rm SO_4^{2-}\) and \(\rm Cl^{-}\), most likely coming from the catchment area due to industrial and household pollution. During 2009–2019, the mineralization was growing mainly due to an increase in the absolute and relative concentrations of \(\rm HCO_3^-\). At the same time, the concentration of dissolved CO2 in the main water mass of the lake also was increasing (and, consequently, pH was decreasing). Thus, the changes in the bicarbonate ion concentration in the water of Lake Ladoga may be largely determined by an increase in its inflow from the catchment area, whose possible reason is the enhancement of the chemical weathering of carbonate rocks due to the increasing concentrations of dissolved \(\rm CO_2\) in the water.
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Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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