Experimental investigation of 3D printed polylactic acid and polylactic acid – hydroxyapatite composite through material extrusion technique for biomedical application

IF 3.6 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI:10.1177/08927057241255883

Vijayvignesh Namasivayam Sukumaar, Siddharthan Arjunan, Lakshmi Narayanan Pandiaraj, Arunagiri Narayanan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In biomedical industries, composite additive manufacturing are employed for customization, quicker production, efficient use and capital reduction. This experimental work focuses on the development of poly lactic acid (PLA) and novel extruded hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced poly lactic acid (HPLA) by material extrusion (ME) technique and their properties were compared with that of standard 3D printed PLA. The extruded composite filaments were subjected to thermal characterization (DSC, TGA) and chemical characterization (FTIR) to ensure filament quality and its implementation in ME technique for 3D printing process. In addition, the melt compounded composite filaments were subjected to annealing to observe the influence of heat treatment upon their mechanical properties and thereby to validate their potential to resist breakage during ME process. Taguchi orthogonal array method using MiniTab software is employed to execute the parameter optimization for the 3D printing process. The 3D printed tensile, flexural and impact specimens, using pure PLA and extruded composite filaments, as per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards were subjected to a comparative experimental study which showed that 3D printed specimens using PLA and HPLA performed better than that of standard PLA specimens due to the improvement in their crystalline nature. The ruptured specimens were subjected to microstructural characterization (optical microscopy, SEM) to observe failure modes and ash content test was conducted to validate the homogenous distribution HA filler particles in PLA matrix. In addition, mechanical characterization was also performed on 3D printed bone plate/bone scaffold application using extruded filaments of PLA and HPLA, as per ASTM F543 standards, to validate incorporation of the composite filaments in real-time application in biomedical industry.

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通过材料挤压技术三维打印聚乳酸和聚乳酸-羟基磷灰石复合材料用于生物医学应用的实验研究

在生物医学行业，复合材料增材制造可用于定制、快速生产、高效使用和降低成本。本实验工作的重点是通过材料挤压（ME）技术开发聚乳酸（PLA）和新型挤压羟基磷灰石（HA）增强聚乳酸（HPLA），并将其性能与标准 3D 打印聚乳酸进行比较。对挤出的复合长丝进行了热表征（DSC、TGA）和化学表征（傅立叶变换红外光谱），以确保长丝的质量，并将其应用到三维打印工艺的 ME 技术中。此外，还对熔融复合长丝进行了退火处理，以观察热处理对其机械性能的影响，从而验证其在 ME 过程中抗断裂的潜力。使用 MiniTab 软件的田口正交阵列法对三维打印过程进行了参数优化。根据美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）标准，使用纯聚乳酸和挤压复合丝制成的 3D 打印拉伸、弯曲和冲击试样进行了对比实验研究，结果表明，由于结晶性的改善，使用聚乳酸和 HPLA 的 3D 打印试样比标准聚乳酸试样的性能更好。对破裂的试样进行了微结构表征（光学显微镜、扫描电镜），以观察其失效模式，并进行了灰分含量测试，以验证聚乳酸基体中 HA 填料颗粒的均匀分布。此外，还根据 ASTM F543 标准，对使用聚乳酸和 HPLA 挤压丝的 3D 打印骨板/骨支架应用进行了机械表征，以验证复合丝在生物医学行业中的实时应用。

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来源期刊

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

18.20%

发文量

104

审稿时长

5.9 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials is a fully peer-reviewed international journal that publishes original research and review articles on polymers, nanocomposites, and particulate-, discontinuous-, and continuous-fiber-reinforced materials in the areas of processing, materials science, mechanics, durability, design, non destructive evaluation and manufacturing science. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).