Guo-Dong Kang, Jie Liu, Ting Zhang, Qing-Ping Zhou, Mao-Fa Fang
{"title":"Fully measurement-device-independent two-way quantum key distribution with finite single-photon sources","authors":"Guo-Dong Kang, Jie Liu, Ting Zhang, Qing-Ping Zhou, Mao-Fa Fang","doi":"10.1007/s11128-024-04419-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the proven security in theory and its potential to achieve high secret key rates, eavesdroppers may crack two-way quantum key distribution (TWQKD) systems by exploiting imperfections of the detection devices that most loopholes exist in, in actual implementations. Lu et al. (Phys. Rev. A 88(4):0443021–044302, 2013) have proved that TWQKD is measurement-device-independent (MDI) security on Bob’s side while assuming ideal detectors on Alice’s side. However, the MDI security proof on Alice’s side is still missing. In this paper, we focus on proving that the TWQKD protocol, secure deterministic communication without entanglement, proposed by Lucamarini and Mancini in 2005 (LM05), is MDI security on both sides of Alice and Bob (fully MDI scenario). First, using a relatively simple method, we give a qubit-based analytical proof that the LM05 is fully MDI security in a depolarizing quantum channel. Then, based on the analytical proof, we derive the expected lower bound of the security formula for it with the reasonable model of finite single-photon sources based on recent experiment progress. Moreover, with the parameters of the current technology, simulation results of the lower bound are presented. It shows that TWQKD can achieve good performances in the fully MDI scenario.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Quantum Information Processing","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11128-024-04419-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSICS, MATHEMATICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Despite the proven security in theory and its potential to achieve high secret key rates, eavesdroppers may crack two-way quantum key distribution (TWQKD) systems by exploiting imperfections of the detection devices that most loopholes exist in, in actual implementations. Lu et al. (Phys. Rev. A 88(4):0443021–044302, 2013) have proved that TWQKD is measurement-device-independent (MDI) security on Bob’s side while assuming ideal detectors on Alice’s side. However, the MDI security proof on Alice’s side is still missing. In this paper, we focus on proving that the TWQKD protocol, secure deterministic communication without entanglement, proposed by Lucamarini and Mancini in 2005 (LM05), is MDI security on both sides of Alice and Bob (fully MDI scenario). First, using a relatively simple method, we give a qubit-based analytical proof that the LM05 is fully MDI security in a depolarizing quantum channel. Then, based on the analytical proof, we derive the expected lower bound of the security formula for it with the reasonable model of finite single-photon sources based on recent experiment progress. Moreover, with the parameters of the current technology, simulation results of the lower bound are presented. It shows that TWQKD can achieve good performances in the fully MDI scenario.
期刊介绍:
Quantum Information Processing is a high-impact, international journal publishing cutting-edge experimental and theoretical research in all areas of Quantum Information Science. Topics of interest include quantum cryptography and communications, entanglement and discord, quantum algorithms, quantum error correction and fault tolerance, quantum computer science, quantum imaging and sensing, and experimental platforms for quantum information. Quantum Information Processing supports and inspires research by providing a comprehensive peer review process, and broadcasting high quality results in a range of formats. These include original papers, letters, broadly focused perspectives, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and special topical issues. The journal is particularly interested in papers detailing and demonstrating quantum information protocols for cryptography, communications, computation, and sensing.