Impacts of extreme weather events on terrestrial carbon sequestration revealed by weather stations in the Northern Hemisphere

Haiyang Shi
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Abstract

The increasing frequency of global climate extremes has significantly impacted the terrestrial carbon cycle. Extreme weather events such as heatwaves, droughts, and extreme precipitation pose serious threats to ecosystem carbon sequestration. This study investigated the impacts of these extreme events on terrestrial carbon sequestration using data from weather stations in the Northern Hemisphere, by combining weather station observations and machine learning-based Gross Primary Production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) estimates. Droughts and heatwaves have the most significant impact, often correlated as compound events. The effects of extreme precipitation and cold extremes may have been underestimated in the past. Whether various extreme events occur in spring or summer led to different mechanisms. We provided a more precise and station-specific analysis compared to using coarse-resolution climate reanalysis and model simulations. It also suggests the need for improved methodologies and the integration of data-driven and process-based models to better predict and understand the effects of extreme weather on ecosystem carbon cycling.
北半球气象站揭示的极端天气事件对陆地碳固存的影响
全球极端气候日益频繁,极大地影响了陆地碳循环。热浪、干旱和极端降水等极端天气事件对生态系统固碳构成了严重威胁。本研究利用北半球气象站的数据,结合气象站观测数据和基于机器学习的总初级生产量(GPP)和生态系统蒸腾量(Reco)估算,研究了这些极端事件对陆地碳固存的影响。干旱和热浪的影响最为显著,通常作为复合事件相互关联。极端降水和极端寒冷的影响在过去可能被低估了,各种极端事件发生在春季还是夏季导致了不同的机制。与使用粗分辨率气候再分析和模式模拟相比,我们提供了更精确和针对具体站点的分析。这也表明需要改进方法,整合数据驱动和基于过程的模式,以更好地预测和理解极端天气对生态系统碳循环的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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