Evidence of sociality and group foraging in Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Jenny A. Allen, David E. Cade, Caroline B. Casey, Sarah Weindorf, David W. Johnston, Jacob M.J. Linsky, Jeremy A. Goldbogen, Doug P. Nowacek, Ari S. Friedlaender
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Abstract

Top krill predators such as the Antarctic minke whale (AMW) serve a vital role within the fragile Antarctic sea-ice ecosystem. They are an abundant krill specialist, but their ecological role in the Antarctic remains poorly understood due to their cryptic behavior and remote habitat. It is therefore crucial to develop a baseline understanding of their basic social and foraging ecology. This study uses animal-borne camera tags to quantitatively explore these critical ecological aspects. Twenty-eight tags were deployed on AMW between 2018 and 2019 in Andvord and Paradise Bays around the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Tag data were analyzed with respect to diving, foraging, and social behavior. Results suggest the presence of loose fission-fusion sociality, with individuals forming short-term associations in 60.6% of cases including both foraging and non-foraging contexts. Socializing was significantly more common for larger individuals and resulted in a significant decrease in foraging rates for both shallow (< 30 m) and deep (> 30 m) dives. There were 12 instances of simultaneously tagged individuals that associated with one another in pairs or trios, displaying synchronized spatial movement and diving behavior. These data illustrated the use of group foraging strategies, with high incidence of synchronized foraging dives (67.5% of associated dives) and lunges (64% of associated lunges). Our results provide clear baseline information on AMW sociality and group foraging, which will help direct future studies for more targeted work. This study will improve our ability to understand the relationship between Antarctic species and their environment as climate change continues to alter the ecosystem landscape.

Abstract Image

南极小须鲸(Balaenoptera bonaerensis)社会性和群体觅食的证据
南极小须鲸(AMW)等顶级磷虾捕食者在脆弱的南极海冰生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。它们是丰富的磷虾专家,但由于其隐蔽的行为和偏远的栖息地,人们对它们在南极的生态作用仍然知之甚少。因此,了解它们的基本社会和觅食生态至关重要。本研究利用动物携带的摄像标签来定量探索这些关键的生态学方面。2018 年至 2019 年期间,在南极半岛西部周围的 Andvord 海湾和 Paradise 海湾的 AMW 上部署了 28 个标签。对标签数据进行了潜水、觅食和社会行为方面的分析。结果表明,存在松散的裂变融合社会性,60.6%的个体在觅食和非觅食情况下形成短期联系。在浅潜(30 米)和深潜(30 米)中,较大个体的社会化行为明显更常见,并导致觅食率明显下降。有 12 个同时被标记的个体以成对或成三的方式相互联系,表现出同步的空间移动和潜水行为。这些数据表明,鸬鹚采用了群体觅食策略,同步觅食潜水(占关联潜水的 67.5%)和跳跃(占关联跳跃的 64%)的发生率很高。我们的研究结果提供了有关北极熊社会性和群体觅食的明确基线信息,这将有助于指导今后更有针对性的研究工作。随着气候变化不断改变生态系统景观,这项研究将提高我们理解南极物种与其环境之间关系的能力。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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