Investigation of the Efficacy of Zonisamide in Alcohol Induced Hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Subject: This research aims to evaluate the histological changes in liver tissue induced by alcohol consumption and to assess the effectiveness of zonisamide in treating alcohol-related hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: The study utilized 40 adult Wistar albino rats, divided into four groups: a control (sham), an ethanol group, a zonisamide group, and a combination of ethanol and zonisamide (ethanol+zonisamide). Each group underwent a four-day binge drinking protocol to mimic excessive alcohol intake observed in humans. Zonisamide was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg daily. Post-treatment, the liver tissues were collected, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathological changes. Results: The control and zonisamide-only groups showed no abnormal liver or vascular alterations, indicating zonisamide's safety. In contrast, the ethanol group displayed significant liver damage, including vascular dilatation, congestion, and extensive cellular degeneration. Conversely, the ethanol+zonisamide group exhibited substantial histological improvements with noticeable reductions in vascular impairments and signs of hepatocyte regeneration, suggesting that zonisamide mitigates the detrimental effects of alcohol on the liver. Conclusion: The study concludes that zonisamide has a protective effect against alcohol-induced liver damage. It appears to preserve the structural integrity of hepatocytes and supports cellular survival, potentially through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These promising results advocate for further exploration of zonisamide as a therapeutic option for managing liver injuries associated with alcohol abuse. This study contributes significant insights into the therapeutic potential of zonisamide, encouraging more comprehensive investigations into its clinical applications in hepatology. Keywords: Alcohol, Zonisamide, Hepatotoxicity