Introducing and Evaluation of Conservation Agriculture in Dry Land of Borana, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia

World Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI:10.11648/j.wjast.20240202.12

Fenan Tola, I. Lolo

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Abstract

The adoption of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) practices could help smallholder farmers in Ethiopia enhance food security and appropriately manage climate change impacts. Conservation agricultural practice is intended to conserve, improve and make more efficient use of natural resources. However, despite these potential benefits, CSA is only practiced in some areas of Ethiopia and has not been sufficiently adopted by smallholder farmers. Therefore, this experiment was intended to improve the production and productivity of maize through different moisture conservation practices and to determine and recommend the best moisture conservation practices for agro-pastoralists in Yabello District, Borana Zone. The field experiment was conducted at Qobo, Qadale and Colksa Kebeles of Yabello districts for two consecutive years, from 2019 to 2020, the main cropping seasons. The experiments had four treatments (Runoff diversion, Furrow, Runoff diversion plus Furrow and Control) laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of three replications. The analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference among treatments in days to maturity, cob diameter, cob length, hundred seed weight and grain yield in all cropping seasons and locations. The highest grain yield was obtained from furrow with diversion structure treatment (5.83, 5.59, 4.2 t/ha), followed by diversion structure (5.51, 4.84, 3.9 t/ha) at Qadale, Colkasa and Qobo Kebeles, respectively. The lowest grain yield was recorded for the control (farmers practice) treatment (3.56, 3.05 and 3.36 ton/ha) at Qadale, Colkasa and Qobo Kebeles, respectively. In all sites, moisture conservation treatments (furrow plus diversion, diversion and furrow) have yield advantages of 2.27 t/ha (40.68%), 2.54 t/ha (45.44%), 0.84 t/ha (20%), 1.95 t/ha (35.39%), 1.79 t/ha (36.98%), 0.54 t/ha (13.84%) and 1.88 t/ha (34.55%), 2.02 t/ha (39.84%) and 0.36 t/ha (9.43%) more than farmer’s practices, respectively. Therefore, moisture conservation practices are recommended for optimum production of maize in moisture stress areas of Yabello District, Borana Zone.

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在埃塞俄比亚南部奥罗米亚州博拉纳旱地引入和评估保护性农业

采用气候智能型农业（CSA）做法可以帮助埃塞俄比亚的小农提高粮食安全，并适当管理气候变化的影响。保护性农业做法旨在保护、改善和更有效地利用自然资源。然而，尽管有这些潜在的益处，保护性耕作仅在埃塞俄比亚的部分地区实行，尚未被小农充分采用。因此，本实验旨在通过不同的保墒措施提高玉米的产量和生产率，并为博拉纳区亚贝罗县的农牧民确定和推荐最佳的保墒措施。田间试验在雅贝罗区的 Qobo、Qadale 和 Colksa Kebeles 连续两年（2019 年至 2020 年，主要耕种季节）进行。试验有四个处理（径流分流、沟渠、径流分流加沟渠和对照），采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD），三个重复。方差分析显示，在所有种植季节和地点，不同处理在成熟天数、谷粒直径、谷粒长度、百粒重和谷粒产量方面都存在显著差异。在 Qadale、Colkasa 和 Qobo Kebeles，沟灌分流结构处理的谷物产量最高（5.83、5.59、4.2 吨/公顷），其次是分流结构处理（5.51、4.84、3.9 吨/公顷）。在 Qadale、Colkasa 和 Qobo Kebeles，粮食产量最低的是对照（农民做法）处理（分别为 3.56、3.05 和 3.36 吨/公顷）。在所有地点，保墒处理（沟灌加引水、引水加沟灌）的产量优势分别为 2.27 吨/公顷（40.68%）、2.54 吨/公顷（45.44%）、0.84 吨/公顷（20%）、1.95 吨/公顷（35.39%）、1.79 吨/公顷（36.98%）、0.54 吨/公顷（13.84%）和 1.88 吨/公顷（34.55%）、2.02 吨/公顷（39.84%）和 0.36 吨/公顷（9.43%）。因此，建议在博拉纳区亚贝罗县水分胁迫地区采用保墒措施，以实现玉米的最佳产量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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World Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

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