Intervention with fructooligosaccharides, Saccharomyces boulardii, and their combination in a colitis mouse model

Yan Wu, Hao Fu, Xu Xu, Hui Jin, Qing-jun Kao, Wei-lin Teng, Bing Wang, Gang Zhao, Xiong-e Pi
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Abstract

To examine the effects of an intervention with fructooligosaccharides (FOS), Saccharomyces boulardii, and their combination in a mouse model of colitis and to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.The effects of FOS, S. boulardii, and their combination were evaluated in a DSS-induced mouse model of colitis. To this end, parameters such as body weight, the disease activity index (DAI), and colon length were examined in model mice. Subsequently, ELISA was employed to detect the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Histopathological analysis was performed to estimate the progression of inflammation in the colon. Gas chromatography was used to determine the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of model mice. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the gut microbiota composition.FOS was slight effective in treating colitis and colitis-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice. Meanwhile, S. boulardii could significantly reduced the DAI, inhibited the production of IL-1β, and prevented colon shortening. Nevertheless, S. boulardii treatment alone failed to effectively regulate the gut microbiota. In contrast, the combined administration of FOS/S. boulardii resulted in better anti-inflammatory effects and enabled microbiota regulation. The FOS/S. boulardii combination (109 CFU/ml and 107 CFU/ml) significantly reduced the DAI, inhibited colitis, lowered IL-1β and TNF-α production, and significantly improved the levels of butyric acid and isobutyric acid. However, FOS/S. boulardii 109 CFU/ml exerted stronger anti-inflammatory effects, inhibited IL-6 production and attenuated colon shortening. Meanwhile, FOS/S. boulardii 107 CFU/ml improved microbial regulation and alleviated the colitis-induced decrease in microbial diversity. The combination of FOS and S. boulardii significantly increased the abundance of Parabacteroides and decreased the abundance of Escherichia–Shigella. Additionally, it promoted the production of acetic acid and propionic acid.Compared with single administration, the combination can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria and effectively regulate the gut microbiota composition. These results provide a scientific rationale for the prevention and treatment of colitis using a FOS/S. boulardii combination. They also offer a theoretical basis for the development of nutraceutical preparations containing FOS and S. boulardii.
果寡糖、布拉氏酵母菌及其组合对结肠炎小鼠模型的干预作用
在DSS诱导的小鼠结肠炎模型中评估果寡糖(FOS)、布拉氏酵母菌及其组合的作用。为此,对模型小鼠的体重、疾病活动指数(DAI)和结肠长度等参数进行了检测。随后,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中促炎细胞因子的水平。进行组织病理学分析以估计结肠炎症的进展情况。气相色谱法用于测定模型小鼠粪便中短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的含量。FOS 对治疗小鼠结肠炎和结肠炎引起的肠道菌群失调略有疗效。同时,布拉氏酵母菌能显著降低DAI,抑制IL-1β的产生,防止结肠缩短。然而,布拉氏酵母菌单独治疗并不能有效调节肠道微生物群。与此相反,FOS/布拉氏酵母菌联合用药能产生更好的抗炎效果,并能调节微生物群。FOS/S.布拉氏酵母菌组合(109 CFU/ml和107 CFU/ml)可显著降低DAI,抑制结肠炎,降低IL-1β和TNF-α的产生,并显著改善丁酸和异丁酸的水平。然而,布拉氏酵母菌(FOS/S. boulardii)109 CFU/ml具有更强的抗炎作用,可抑制IL-6的产生并减轻结肠缩短。同时,FOS/布拉氏酵母菌107 CFU/ml能改善微生物调节,缓解结肠炎引起的微生物多样性下降。FOS 和布拉氏酵母菌的组合能显著增加副乳杆菌的数量,降低志贺氏菌的数量。此外,它还能促进乙酸和丙酸的产生。与单一给药相比,联合给药能明显增加乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌等有益菌的数量,有效调节肠道微生物群的组成。这些结果为使用 FOS/S. 布拉氏酵母菌组合预防和治疗结肠炎提供了科学依据。它们还为开发含有 FOS 和布拉氏酵母菌的营养保健制剂提供了理论依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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