Forage Biomass and Nutritive Value of Grasses and Legumes Grown Under Agrivoltaic Systems

AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.52825/agripv.v2i.979

Sabrina Portner, Bradley Heins, Eric Buchanan, Michael Reese

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Abstract

Forage crops grown underneath ground-mounted photovoltaic systems (PV) may provide a feed source for livestock production. The objective was to evaluate forage biomass and nutritive value of crops, grasses and legumes grown under different PV conditions. Forages were planted underneath a 30-kilowatt PV site (30kW), a 50-kilowatt PV site (50kW) and one control site without PV (CON) in May 2022 with four replicates per site. Forage crops included alfalfa, field peas, meadow fescue, orchard grass, red clover, brown midrib sorghumsudan grass, white clover and 3 grass and legume mixes with either alfalfa, red clover, or white clover. Biomass samples were clipped at appropriate maturity levels for grazing. Samples were sorted for botanical composition and analyzed for nutrient value. Crop biomass, dry matter and nutrient values were analyzed with PROC Mixed of SAS with the fixed effects of site (30kW, 50kW, or Con), crop nested within site, and cutting (1st or 2nd) and the random effect of replicate nested within site. Forages produced less biomass at the 30kW (563.7 kg/ha) and 50kW (446.4 kg/ha) solar sites compared to CON (1099.7 kg/ha). The 50kW forages had greater crude protein on a dry matter basis (25.8%) than the 30kW (21.4%) and CON (20.9%). The 50kW (57.1%) forages also had greater total tract neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility than the 30kW (52.5%) and CON (51.0%). Additionally, the 50kW forages had greater percent calcium (1.05%) compared to the 30kW (0.75%) and CON (0.84%). Forage biomass and nutrient values varied based on the solar array design and amount of sun exposure.

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农业光伏系统下种植的禾本科和豆科植物的饲料生物量和营养价值

在地面光伏系统（PV）下种植的饲料作物可为牲畜生产提供饲料来源。研究的目的是评估在不同光伏条件下种植的农作物、禾本科植物和豆科植物的饲料生物量和营养价值。2022 年 5 月，在一个 30 千瓦光伏发电站（30 千瓦）、一个 50 千瓦光伏发电站（50 千瓦）和一个无光伏发电站（CON）的对照组下种植了牧草，每个发电站有四个重复点。饲料作物包括紫花苜蓿、大田豌豆、草甸羊茅、果园草、红三叶、棕色中肋高粱菅草、白三叶以及 3 种含有紫花苜蓿、红三叶或白三叶的禾本科和豆科植物混合物。生物量样本在适当成熟度时剪下，以备放牧之用。对样本进行植物成分分类和营养价值分析。作物生物量、干物质和养分值的分析采用 SAS 的 PROC Mixed 方法，其中固定效应为地点（30 千瓦、50 千瓦或 Con）、地点内嵌套的作物和切割（第 1 次或第 2 次），随机效应为地点内嵌套的重复。与 CON（1099.7 千克/公顷）相比，30 千瓦（563.7 千克/公顷）和 50 千瓦（446.4 千克/公顷）太阳能发电站的牧草生物量较低。按干物质计算，50 千瓦牧草的粗蛋白含量（25.8%）高于 30 千瓦（21.4%）和 CON（20.9%）。50kW 饲料（57.1%）的总道中性洗涤纤维（NDF）消化率也高于 30kW 饲料（52.5%）和 CON 饲料（51.0%）。此外，与 30 千瓦（0.75%）和 CON（0.84%）相比，50 千瓦饲草的钙含量更高（1.05%）。牧草生物量和营养价值因太阳能电池阵设计和日照量而异。

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