Jie Zhu , Lingling Pan , Zhuoming Liu , Le-hua Liu , Zhi Li , Xinqiang Song , Keli Zeng , Chao Yang
{"title":"Accelerating densification in Kovar alloy powders prepared by water–gas combined atomization","authors":"Jie Zhu , Lingling Pan , Zhuoming Liu , Le-hua Liu , Zhi Li , Xinqiang Song , Keli Zeng , Chao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2024.108330","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The utilization of ultrafine, near-spherical Kovar alloy powders is promising for applications such as injection molding and additive manufacturing. This study successfully produced these powders using the newly developed water–gas combined atomization technique. Subsequently, the morphology and surface structure of the as-prepared powders were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. Our findings revealed that the water–gas combined atomization yields a high powder output. In addition, an inhomogeneous layer of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> oxide film was observed on the powder surfaces. Kovar alloys sintered with the as-produced powders exhibit higher relative density than those produced with gas atomization powders. This increased density results from the nonuniformity of the oxide film, promoting sintering neck formation and accelerating densification. The insights from this research contribute to the design of Kovar alloy and offer valuable guidance for refining production processes to enhance powder quality and performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Intermetallics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966979524001493","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The utilization of ultrafine, near-spherical Kovar alloy powders is promising for applications such as injection molding and additive manufacturing. This study successfully produced these powders using the newly developed water–gas combined atomization technique. Subsequently, the morphology and surface structure of the as-prepared powders were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. Our findings revealed that the water–gas combined atomization yields a high powder output. In addition, an inhomogeneous layer of Fe2O3 oxide film was observed on the powder surfaces. Kovar alloys sintered with the as-produced powders exhibit higher relative density than those produced with gas atomization powders. This increased density results from the nonuniformity of the oxide film, promoting sintering neck formation and accelerating densification. The insights from this research contribute to the design of Kovar alloy and offer valuable guidance for refining production processes to enhance powder quality and performance.
期刊介绍:
This journal is a platform for publishing innovative research and overviews for advancing our understanding of the structure, property, and functionality of complex metallic alloys, including intermetallics, metallic glasses, and high entropy alloys.
The journal reports the science and engineering of metallic materials in the following aspects:
Theories and experiments which address the relationship between property and structure in all length scales.
Physical modeling and numerical simulations which provide a comprehensive understanding of experimental observations.
Stimulated methodologies to characterize the structure and chemistry of materials that correlate the properties.
Technological applications resulting from the understanding of property-structure relationship in materials.
Novel and cutting-edge results warranting rapid communication.
The journal also publishes special issues on selected topics and overviews by invitation only.