Quantitative accuracy of lung function measurement using parametric response mapping: A virtual imaging study.

Amar Kavuri, Fong Chi Ho, Mobina Ghojogh-Nejad, Saman Sotoudeh-Paima, Ehsan Samei, W Paul Segars, Ehsan Abadi
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Abstract

Parametric response mapping (PRM) is a voxel-based quantitative CT imaging biomarker that measures the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by analyzing both inspiratory and expiratory CT scans. Although PRM-derived measurements have been shown to predict disease severity and phenotyping, their quantitative accuracy is impacted by the variability of scanner settings and patient conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of PRM-based measurements due to the changes in the scanner types and configurations. We developed 10 human chest models with emphysema and air-trapping at end-inspiration and end-expiration states. These models were virtually imaged using a scanner-specific CT simulator (DukeSim) to create CT images at different acquisition settings for energy-integrating and photon-counting CT systems. The CT images were used to estimate PRM maps. The quantified measurements were compared with ground truth values to evaluate the deviations in the measurements. Results showed that PRM measurements varied with scanner type and configurations. The emphysema volume was overestimated by 3 ± 9.5 % (mean ± standard deviation) of the lung volume, and the functional small airway disease (fSAD) volume was underestimated by 7.5±19 % of the lung volume. PRM measurements were more accurate and precise when the acquired settings were photon-counting CT, higher dose, smoother kernel, and larger pixel size. This study demonstrates the development and utility of virtual imaging tools for systematic assessment of a quantitative biomarker accuracy.

使用参数响应图测量肺功能的定量准确性:虚拟成像研究
参数响应图(PRM)是一种基于体素的定量 CT 成像生物标记物,它通过分析吸气和呼气 CT 扫描来测量慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的严重程度。虽然 PRM 衍生的测量结果已被证明可以预测疾病的严重程度和表型,但其定量准确性受到扫描仪设置和患者情况变化的影响。本研究旨在评估基于 PRM 的测量结果因扫描仪类型和配置的变化而产生的变异性。我们制作了 10 个在吸气末和呼气末状态下有肺气肿和潴留空气的人体胸部模型。使用扫描仪专用 CT 模拟器(DukeSim)对这些模型进行虚拟成像,以创建能量积分和光子计数 CT 系统在不同采集设置下的 CT 图像。CT 图像用于估算 PRM 图。将量化测量值与地面真实值进行比较,以评估测量值的偏差。结果显示,PRM 测量值因扫描仪类型和配置而异。肺气肿体积被高估了3±9.5%(平均值±标准偏差),功能性小气道疾病(fSAD)体积被低估了7.5±19%。当采集设置为光子计数 CT、更高剂量、更平滑内核和更大像素尺寸时,PRM 测量更准确、更精确。这项研究证明了虚拟成像工具在系统评估定量生物标记物准确性方面的开发和实用性。
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