Mohd Nizam Mat Bah, Mohd Hanafi Sapian, Mohd Hazman Mohd Anuar, Emieliyuza Yusnita Alias
{"title":"Survival and outcomes of isolated neonatal ventricular septal defects: A population-based study from a middle-income country.","authors":"Mohd Nizam Mat Bah, Mohd Hanafi Sapian, Mohd Hazman Mohd Anuar, Emieliyuza Yusnita Alias","doi":"10.4103/apc.apc_130_23","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Limited data on the survival and outcomes of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in middle-income countries are available. Hence, this study aims to determine the survival and factors associated with mortality among neonatal VSD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, population based study of neonates with isolated VSD born between 2009 and 2019. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the overall survival. Cox regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 726 patients studied, with 82 (11%) of them having trisomy 21. The median age of diagnosis and follow-up was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 2-10 days) and 2.3 years (IQR: 0.6-4.8 years), respectively. Of 726, 399 (55%) were perimembranous, 218 (30%) muscular, and 109 (15%) outlet VSD. VSD was small in 309 (42%), moderate in 337 (46%), and large in 80 (11%). Of 726 patients, 189 (26%) had congestive heart failure (CHF) and 52 (7.2%) developed pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Interestingly, one-third of CHF and PHT resolved over time during follow-up. Only 1 (0.1%) patient had infective endocarditis, 38 (5.2%) developed aortic regurgitation, and none had Eisenmenger syndrome. Overall, 149 (20%) needed surgery, 399 (55%) spontaneously closed, and 178 (25%) remained small. The mortality rate was 3.9% (28), 16 (57%) preoperatively, and 11 (39%) due to pneumonia. Trisomy 21, PHT, and birth weight <2.5 kg were independent factors for mortality with an adjusted hazard ratio of 6.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1-16.9), 3.2 (95% CI: 1.2-8.4), and 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7-7.8), respectively. The overall survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 96% (95% CI: 95-98), 95% (95% CI: 94-97), and 95% (95% CI: 94-97), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite limited pediatric and congenital cardiac services in middle-income countries, the overall survival of neonatal VSD is good, with poor outcomes in small infants, PHT, and trisomy 21.</p>","PeriodicalId":8026,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pediatric Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11098291/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Pediatric Cardiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apc.apc_130_23","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/4/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background and aims: Limited data on the survival and outcomes of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in middle-income countries are available. Hence, this study aims to determine the survival and factors associated with mortality among neonatal VSD.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, population based study of neonates with isolated VSD born between 2009 and 2019. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the overall survival. Cox regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with mortality.
Results: There were 726 patients studied, with 82 (11%) of them having trisomy 21. The median age of diagnosis and follow-up was 5 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 2-10 days) and 2.3 years (IQR: 0.6-4.8 years), respectively. Of 726, 399 (55%) were perimembranous, 218 (30%) muscular, and 109 (15%) outlet VSD. VSD was small in 309 (42%), moderate in 337 (46%), and large in 80 (11%). Of 726 patients, 189 (26%) had congestive heart failure (CHF) and 52 (7.2%) developed pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Interestingly, one-third of CHF and PHT resolved over time during follow-up. Only 1 (0.1%) patient had infective endocarditis, 38 (5.2%) developed aortic regurgitation, and none had Eisenmenger syndrome. Overall, 149 (20%) needed surgery, 399 (55%) spontaneously closed, and 178 (25%) remained small. The mortality rate was 3.9% (28), 16 (57%) preoperatively, and 11 (39%) due to pneumonia. Trisomy 21, PHT, and birth weight <2.5 kg were independent factors for mortality with an adjusted hazard ratio of 6.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1-16.9), 3.2 (95% CI: 1.2-8.4), and 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7-7.8), respectively. The overall survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 96% (95% CI: 95-98), 95% (95% CI: 94-97), and 95% (95% CI: 94-97), respectively.
Conclusions: Despite limited pediatric and congenital cardiac services in middle-income countries, the overall survival of neonatal VSD is good, with poor outcomes in small infants, PHT, and trisomy 21.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
