Analysis of Thorium (Th) and Uranium (U) in radioactive wastewater sample in accordance with American Public Health Association (APHA) 3125 method

Munirah Abdul Zali, A. Hashim, Shakirah Abd Shukor, Siti Aminah Omar, Z. Laili
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Abstract

The main issue with thorium (Th) and uranium (U) in radioactive wastewater is the potential of these elements to contaminate the water bodies. The unregulated radioactive wastewater release can affect the ecosystem and potentially harm aquatic life. Therefore, there is a need to establish the analysis of Th and U using standard method to obtain better sensitivity and good confidence in the final report. In this study, the determination of uranium and thorium was employed using the American Public Health Association (APHA) method 3125 standard method. The method performance and method detection level (MDL) samples for APHA 3125 were prepared in the deionized water and digested using hot block (APHA 3030E) and microwave digester (APHA 3030K). The quantification of 238U, 235U and 232Th in the method performance and MDL samples was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). From the results, the method performance samples for both digestion methods were in accordance with the APHA requirement. The MDL obtained from APHA 3030E for 232Th, 238U, and 235U were 5, 7, and 8 μg L−1 respectively. Meanwhile, the MDL obtained from the microwave digester for 232Th, 238U, and 235U, and were 2, 3, and 3 μg L−1 respectively. The APHA 3030K digestion technique gives lower and better detection limit compared to the APHA 3030E technique. Based on APHA 3030K MDL, 232Th was detected in the radioactive wastewater sample while 238U and 235U were less than MDL. Meanwhile, for APHA 3030E, all elements were below MDL. This study will enhance the detection of uranium and thorium in the radioactive wastewater sample towards better environmental monitoring programs at the national and global levels.
根据美国公共卫生协会(APHA)3125 方法分析放射性废水样本中的钍(Th)和铀(U)。
放射性废水中的钍(Th)和铀(U)的主要问题是这些元素可能会污染水体。不受监管的放射性废水排放会影响生态系统,并可能危害水生生物。因此,有必要使用标准方法对 Th 和 U 进行分析,以获得更好的灵敏度和最终报告的可信度。本研究采用美国公共卫生协会(APHA)方法 3125 标准方法测定铀和钍。在去离子水中制备 APHA 3125 方法的性能和方法检测水平(MDL)样品,并使用热块(APHA 3030E)和微波消解器(APHA 3030K)进行消解。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对方法性能和 MDL 样品中的 238U、235U 和 232Th 进行定量。结果表明,两种消解方法的方法性能样本均符合 APHA 的要求。根据 APHA 3030E 方法,232Th、238U 和 235U 的 MDL 分别为 5、7 和 8 μg L-1。而微波消解器对 232Th、238U 和 235U 的 MDL 分别为 2、3 和 3 μg L-1。与 APHA 3030E 技术相比,APHA 3030K 消解技术的检出限更低,效果更好。根据 APHA 3030K MDL,在放射性废水样本中检测到了 232Th,而 238U 和 235U 则低于 MDL。而 APHA 3030E 的所有元素都低于 MDL。这项研究将提高放射性废水样本中铀和钍的检测水平,从而在国家和全球层面更好地开展环境监测项目。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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