Older age is associated with decreased overall shoulder strength but not direction-specific differences in the three-dimensional feasible torque space

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Emma M. Baillargeon , Amee L. Seitz , Daniel Ludvig , Constantine P. Nicolozakes , Swati D. Deshmukh , Eric J. Perreault
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Shoulder strength is reduced in older adults but has only been assessed in planar motions that do not reflect the diverse requirements of daily tasks. We quantified the impact of age on strength spanning the three degrees of freedom relevant to shoulder function, referred to as the feasible torque space. We hypothesized that the feasible torque space would differ with age and expected this age-effect to reflect direction-specific deficits. We measured strength in 32 directions to characterize the feasible torque space of the shoulder in participants without shoulder pain or tendinous pathology (n = 39, 19–86 years). We modeled the feasible torque space for each participant as an ellipsoid, computed the ellipsoid size and direction-specific metrics (ellipsoid position, orientation, and shape), and then tested the effect of age on each metric. Age was negatively associated with ellipsoid size (a measure of overall strength magnitude; −0.0033 ± 0.0007 (Nm/kg)/year, p < 0.0001). Contrary to our expectation, the effect of age on the direction-specific metrics did not reach statistical significance. The effect of age did not differ significantly between male and female participants. Three-dimensional strength measurements allowed us to constrain the direction of participants’ maximum torque production and characterize the entire feasible torque space. Our findings support a generalized shoulder strengthening program to address age-related shoulder weakness in those without pain or pathology. Clinical exam findings of imbalanced weakness may suggest underlying pathology beyond an effect of age. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the positive or negative impact of our results.

年龄越大,肩部整体力量越小,但三维可行扭矩空间中特定方向的差异却越小
老年人的肩部力量会减弱,但只在平面运动中进行过评估,无法反映日常任务的各种要求。我们量化了年龄对与肩关节功能相关的三个自由度(称为可行扭矩空间)强度的影响。我们假设可行扭矩空间会随着年龄的增长而变化,并预期这种年龄效应会反映出特定方向的缺陷。我们测量了没有肩痛或肌腱病变的参与者(39 人,19-86 岁)在 32 个方向上的力量,以确定肩部可行扭矩空间的特征。我们将每位参与者的可行扭矩空间建模为一个椭圆体,计算了椭圆体的大小和特定方向的指标(椭圆体的位置、方向和形状),然后测试了年龄对每个指标的影响。年龄与椭圆体大小呈负相关(衡量整体力量大小的指标;-0.0033 ± 0.0007 (牛米/公斤)/年,p < 0.0001)。与我们的预期相反,年龄对特定方向指标的影响没有达到统计学意义。年龄对男性和女性参与者的影响也没有显著差异。三维力量测量使我们能够限制参与者产生最大扭矩的方向,并确定整个可行扭矩空间的特征。我们的研究结果表明,在没有疼痛或病变的情况下,我们可以通过普及肩部力量训练计划来解决与年龄有关的肩部无力问题。不平衡无力的临床检查结果可能表明,除了年龄的影响外,还有潜在的病理因素。我们还需要进行纵向研究,以确定我们的研究结果会产生积极还是消极的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.00%
发文量
70
审稿时长
74 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology is the primary source for outstanding original articles on the study of human movement from muscle contraction via its motor units and sensory system to integrated motion through mechanical and electrical detection techniques. As the official publication of the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology, the journal is dedicated to publishing the best work in all areas of electromyography and kinesiology, including: control of movement, muscle fatigue, muscle and nerve properties, joint biomechanics and electrical stimulation. Applications in rehabilitation, sports & exercise, motion analysis, ergonomics, alternative & complimentary medicine, measures of human performance and technical articles on electromyographic signal processing are welcome.
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