Effect of phosphorus management on yield and economics under direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa) and blackgram (Vigna mungo) intercropping in a rainfed acidic upland soil

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Indian Journal of Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI:10.59797/ija.v69i1.5489

Kousalya H.M, Y. V. Singh, S. Prasad, S. Rathore

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2019 at ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station (CRURRS), Hazaribagh, Jharkhand to study the effect of phosphorus management on productivity and profitability under direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) (DSR) and blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] intercropping in rainfed acidic upland soil. The experiment was laid-out in a split-plot design comprised 4 methods of cropping, viz. Sole DSR; Sole blackgram; DSR + blackgram (4:1); and DSR + blackgram (4:2) allotted to main-plots and 4 phosphorus management practices, viz. P control (P0 ); Recommended dose of phosphorus (RDP) @17.5 kg P/ha; 50% RDP + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) @500 g/ha + arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) @12.5 kg/ha; and 25% lime requirement (LR) + PSB + AMF in sub-plots. Experiment consisted of 16 treatment combinations, replicated thrice. The rice variety ‘Sahabhagi’ and blackgram variety ‘Uttara’ were used. Among the cropping systems, the highest grain yield was recorded in sole rice (3.84 t/ha) and sole blackgram (1.14 t/ha) which was significantly higher than yields under intercropping in both the ratios. Gross (`96,879/ha) and net returns (`70,603/ha) of sole blackgram were significantly higher than other cropping systems and followed by DSR + blackgram (4:2). Net benefit:cost (B:C) of sole blackgram was maximum (`2.69) and lowest in sole rice (`1.01). Among phosphorus management treatments, 50% RDP + PSB + AMF gave significantly higher net return (`49,440) and net benefit:cost (`1.68). Application of 100% RDP and 25% LR + PSB + AMF gave at par returns and net benefit:cost. It may be suggested that under rainfed uplands of eastern India, farmers may adopt either sole blackgram or intercropping of rice and blackgram in 4:2 over sole DSR for higher productivity and monetary returns. For better phosphorus management in soil they should inoculate PSB and AM fungi along with 50% RDP at the time of sowing.

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雨养酸性高地土壤中直播水稻（Oryza sativa）和黑芒（Vigna mungo）间作的磷管理对产量和经济性的影响

在2019年雨季（开季），贾坎德邦哈扎里巴格的ICAR-国家水稻研究所（NRRI）中央雨养高地水稻研究站（CRURRS）进行了一项田间试验，研究在雨养酸性高地土壤中直播水稻（Oryza sativa L.）（DSR）和黑小麦（Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper）间作时磷管理对生产力和收益率的影响。试验采用分小区设计，包括 4 种种植方法，即单一 DSR、单一黑糯稻、DSR + 黑糯稻（4:1）和 DSR + 黑糯稻（4:2），以及 4 种磷管理方法，即磷对照（P0）、推荐磷对照（P0）、推荐磷对照（P0）和推荐磷对照（P0）。磷控制（P0）；推荐磷剂量（RDP）@17.5 千克磷/公顷；50% RDP + 磷酸盐溶解菌（PSB）@500 克/公顷 + 树胶菌根真菌（AMF）@12.5 千克/公顷；以及 25% 石灰需求量（LR）+ 磷酸盐溶解菌 + AMF。试验包括 16 个处理组合，重复三次。使用了水稻品种 "Sahabhagi "和黑矢车菊品种 "Uttara"。在各种植系统中，单作水稻（3.84 吨/公顷）和单作黑糯米（1.14 吨/公顷）的谷物产量最高，明显高于两种比例下的间作产量。单种黑糯米的毛收益（96 879 `）和净收益（70 603 `）明显高于其他种植系统，其次是 DSR + 黑糯米（4:2）。单作黑鲩的净收益：成本（B：C）最高（2.69 `），单作水稻最低（1.01 `）。在磷管理处理中，50% RDP + PSB + AMF 的净收益（`49,440）和净收益：成本（`1.68）明显更高。施用 100% RDP 和 25% LR + PSB + AMF 的收益和净效益与成本相当。建议在印度东部的雨水灌溉高地，农民可以采用单种黑糯稻或水稻与黑糯稻 4:2 间作，而不是单种 DSR，以获得更高的生产率和经济收益。为了更好地管理土壤中的磷，他们应在播种时接种 PSB 和 AM 真菌以及 50% 的 RDP。

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

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0.50

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： Indian Journal of Agronomy welcomes concise articles presenting original research data based on field experiments on all aspects of agronomy in different crops and related cropping systems. • The journal publishes only full length comprehensive articles based on new approaches/findings in English only. • Review articles are also considered but these are normally solicited by Editorial Board. However, the authors who wish to contribute a review on their own based on their standing in the relevant field may contact the Secretary or Chief Editor with a broad outline before submitting the manuscript.