Brown manuring for improved crop growth, yield and energetics of wet seeded-rice (Oryza sativa) in the coastal deltaic eco-system

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Indian Journal of Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI:10.59797/ija.v69i1.5488

DE Keerthi, P. Saravanane, R. Poonguzhalan, S. Nadaradjan

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during October 2020–January 2021 at Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal, Puducherry to study the effect of different seeding rates of [Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight] (Sesbania) in rice co-culture along with suitable post-emergence herbicides for brown manuring on crop productivity and energetics in wet seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment consisted of 10 treatments, viz. T1 ,Sesbania seeding rate for brown manuring (BM) @15 kg/ha with 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha; T2 , Sesbania seeding rate for BM @20 kg/ha with 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha; T3 , Sesbania seeding rate for BM @25 kg/ha with 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha; T4 , Sesbania seeding rate for BM @15 kg/ha with bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha; T5 , Sesbania seeding rate for BM @20 kg/ha with bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha; T6 , Sesbania seeding rate for BM @25 kg/ha with bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha; T7 , rice alone with 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha; T8 , rice alone with bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha; T9 , hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS (days after sowing); T10, unweeded control in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Sesbania seeding rate for brown manuring (BM) @25 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha recorded significantly lower total weed density (73.3 no./m2) and weed dry weight (37.0 g/m2). Significantly higher crop growth rate (CGR) (528.2 g/m2 /day), plant height (132.8 cm) and rice yield (4823 kg/ha) were observed under Sesbania seeding rate for BM @25 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha which was comparable with Sesbania seeding rate for BM @25 kg/ha + bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha but superior to treatments without BM and eventually resulted in higher energy productivity (0.59 to 0.60 kg/MJ), energy profitability (7.74 to 7.77 kg/MJ) and the energy use efficiency (8.74 to 8.77). Thus, Sesbania seeding rate @25 kg/ha along with spraying either 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha or bispyribac sodium 25 g/ha for brown manuring could be recommended in wet seeded rice.

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褐肥改善沿海三角洲生态系统中湿润播种水稻（Oryza sativa）的作物生长、产量和能量状况

2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 1 月期间，在普度克里卡拉卡尔潘迪特-贾瓦哈拉尔-尼赫鲁农业学院和研究所进行了一项田间试验，研究水稻共作中不同播种率的[Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight]（芝麻）与合适的萌发后除草剂（褐肥）对湿播水稻（Oryza sativa L.）作物产量和能量的影响。试验包括 10 个处理，即：T1，糙稻草（BM）芝麻播种量 @15 公斤/公顷，2,4-D 0.5 公斤/公顷；T2，糙稻草（BM）芝麻播种量 @20 公斤/公顷，2,4-D 0.5 公斤/公顷；T3，糙稻草（BM）芝麻播种量 @25 公斤/公顷，2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha；T4 ，三叶青播种量为 BM @15 kg/ha，双草醚钠 25 g/ha；T5 ，三叶青播种量为 BM @20 kg/ha，双草醚钠 25 g/ha；T6 ，三叶青播种量为 BM @25 kg/ha，双草醚钠 25 g/ha；T7 ，单种水稻，2,4-D 0.T9，在 20 DAS 和 40 DAS（播种后天数）进行两次人工除草；T10，在随机区组设计（RBD）中进行三次重复，不除草对照。褐肥（BM）25 千克/公顷+2,4-D 0.5 千克/公顷的芝麻播种率显著降低了杂草总密度（73.3 株/平方米）和杂草干重（37.0 克/平方米）。BM @25 公斤/公顷+2,4-D 0.5 公斤/公顷的芝麻播种率下，作物生长率（528.2 克/平方米/天）、株高（132.8 厘米）和水稻产量（4823 公斤/公顷）均明显较高。5 千克/公顷，与 BM @25 千克/公顷 + 双草醚钠 25 克/公顷的三叶草播种率相当，但优于无 BM 的处理，并最终提高了能量生产率（0.59 至 0.60 千克/兆焦）、能量收益率（7.74 至 7.77 千克/兆焦）和能量利用效率（8.74 至 8.77）。因此，建议在湿播水稻中使用芝麻播种量 25 千克/公顷，同时喷洒 2,4-D 0.5 千克/公顷或双草醚 25 克/公顷作为褐肥。

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Agronomy Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

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期刊介绍： Indian Journal of Agronomy welcomes concise articles presenting original research data based on field experiments on all aspects of agronomy in different crops and related cropping systems. • The journal publishes only full length comprehensive articles based on new approaches/findings in English only. • Review articles are also considered but these are normally solicited by Editorial Board. However, the authors who wish to contribute a review on their own based on their standing in the relevant field may contact the Secretary or Chief Editor with a broad outline before submitting the manuscript.