A review of g-C3N4-based photocatalytic materials for photocatalytic CO2 reduction

Jing Tang, Chuanyu Guo, Tingting Wang, Xiaoli Cheng, Lihua Huo, Xianfa Zhang, Chaobo Huang, Zoltán Major, Yingming Xu
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Abstract

Currently, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) has exceeded 400 ppm in the atmosphere. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore CO2 reduction and utilization technologies. Photocatalytic technology can convert CO2 to valuable hydrocarbons (CH4, CH3OH, and C2H5OH, etc.), realizing the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy as well as solving the problems of fossil fuel shortage and global warming. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as a two-dimensional nonmetallic semiconductor material, shows great potential in the field of CO2 photoreduction due to its moderate bandgap, easy synthesis method, low cost, and visible light response properties. This review elaborates the research progress of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The modification strategies (e.g., morphology engineering, elemental doping, crystallinity modulation, cocatalyst modification, and constructing heterojunction) of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction application have been discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and development prospects of g-C3N4-based photocatalytic materials for CO2 reduction are presented.

Abstract Image

光催化还原二氧化碳的 g-C3N4 基光催化材料综述
目前,大气中的二氧化碳(CO2)浓度已超过 400 ppm。因此,迫切需要探索二氧化碳减排和利用技术。光催化技术可将二氧化碳转化为有价值的碳氢化合物(CH4、CH3OH 和 C2H5OH 等),实现太阳能到化学能的转化,解决化石燃料短缺和全球变暖问题。氮化石墨碳(g-C3N4)作为一种二维非金属半导体材料,因其带隙适中、合成方法简单、成本低廉、具有可见光响应特性等特点,在二氧化碳光电还原领域显示出巨大的潜力。本综述阐述了基于 g-C3N4 的光催化剂在光催化还原 CO2 方面的研究进展。详细讨论了用于 CO2 还原的 g-C3N4 基光催化剂的改性策略(如形态工程、元素掺杂、结晶度调节、共催化剂改性和构建异质结)。最后,介绍了用于二氧化碳还原的 g-C3N4 基光催化材料所面临的挑战和发展前景。
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