Success Attribution and Support for Income Equality: Evidence from the United States and Germany

Xinyi Bai
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Abstract

Income inequality within countries is a pressing global issue, and understanding its determinants is crucial for informing policies aimed at fostering economic fairness. In this paper, we use individual data from World Values Survey (WVS) wave 7 data (2017-2022) to study how the attribution of success to different (luck or effort) factors affects the views on income distribution (specifically, whether to support income equality or inequality). Our main hypothesis is that attributing success to effort rather than luck leads to a larger and statistically significant increase in the acceptance of inequality in the indulgent country – the United States. We indeed find that attributing success to effort is significantly and positively correlated with supporting income inequality in the United States, while this correlation is significantly weaker in Germany. But from the regression results, the country does not significantly change the relationship between success attribution and supporting income equality. Therefore, we reject our main hypothesis and conclude luck rather than effort as the source of success can’t lead to a more substantial and statistically significant increase in support in income equality in indulgent countries.
成功归因与对收入平等的支持:来自美国和德国的证据
国家内部的收入不平等是一个紧迫的全球性问题,了解其决定因素对于制定旨在促进经济公平的政策至关重要。在本文中,我们利用《世界价值观调查》(WVS)第 7 波数据(2017-2022 年)中的个人数据,研究将成功归因于不同因素(运气或努力)会如何影响人们对收入分配的看法(具体来说,是支持收入平等还是不平等)。我们的主要假设是,将成功归因于努力而非运气,会导致放纵型国家--美国--对不平等的接受度有更大的、统计上显著的提高。我们确实发现,在美国,将成功归因于努力与支持收入不平等显著正相关,而在德国,这种相关性明显较弱。但从回归结果来看,国家并没有显著改变成功归因与支持收入平等之间的关系。因此,我们拒绝我们的主要假设,并得出结论:在放纵型国家,运气而非努力作为成功的源泉,并不能导致支持收入平等的人数有更大幅度和统计意义上的增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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