Unveiling the Potential of Hydrogen in a Downsized Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Performance and Emissions Experimental Study

IF 1 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Mohamed Mohamed, Abinash Biswal, Xinyan Wang, Hua Zhao, Anthony Harrington, Jonathan Hall
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Abstract

The transportation sector’s growing focus on addressing environmental and sustainable energy concerns has led to a pursuit of the decarbonization path. In this context, hydrogen emerges as a promising zero-carbon fuel. The ability of hydrogen fuel to provide reliable performance while reducing environmental impact makes it crucial in the quest for net zero targets. This study compares gasoline and hydrogen combustion in a single-cylinder boosted direct injection (DI) spark ignition engine under various operating conditions. Initially, the engine was run over a wide range of lambda values to determine the optimal operating point for hydrogen and demonstrate lean hydrogen combustion’s benefits over gasoline combustion. Furthermore, a load sweep test was conducted at 2000 rpm, and the performance and emission results were compared between gasoline and optimized hydrogen combustion. An in-depth analysis was conducted by varying fuel injection time and pressure. This enabled us to explore the effects of these variables on the fuel’s performance and emissions, providing valuable insights for further optimization. The key findings of this study are significant. They note that hydrogen fuel allows the engine to operate under lean conditions with stable combustion up to 3.8 lambda. Lean combustion produces higher engine thermal efficiency, low cyclic variability, and near-zero NOx emissions. According to the study, hydrogen combustion produces zero emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) under a wide range of operating conditions, making it a clean and environmentally friendly fuel source. During low loading, exhaust hydrogen slip is less than 1000 ppm. This slip drops below 500 ppm as the load increases. Finally, the study proved that hydrogen is more stable than gasoline at a stoichiometric level. This suggests that hydrogen could replace gasoline in some applications, which has major implications for alternative energy.
揭示氢在小型汽油直喷发动机性能和排放实验研究中的潜力
交通部门越来越重视解决环境和可持续能源问题,因此开始追求去碳化之路。在此背景下,氢成为一种前景广阔的零碳燃料。氢燃料既能提供可靠的性能,又能减少对环境的影响,因此在实现净零目标的过程中至关重要。本研究比较了单缸增压直喷(DI)火花点火发动机在各种运行条件下的汽油和氢气燃烧情况。首先,发动机在很大的λ值范围内运行,以确定氢气的最佳工作点,并证明贫氢燃烧比汽油燃烧更有优势。此外,还在 2000 rpm 转速下进行了负载扫描测试,并比较了汽油燃烧和优化氢气燃烧的性能和排放结果。通过改变燃料喷射时间和压力进行了深入分析。这使我们能够探索这些变量对燃料性能和排放的影响,为进一步优化提供有价值的见解。这项研究的主要发现意义重大。他们指出,氢燃料可使发动机在贫燃条件下运行,并在高达 3.8 lambda 的条件下稳定燃烧。稀薄燃烧能产生更高的发动机热效率、更低的循环变异性和接近零的氮氧化物排放。研究表明,在各种运行条件下,氢燃烧产生的碳氢化合物 (HC)、一氧化碳 (CO) 和二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放量为零,是一种清洁环保的燃料源。在低负荷时,排气氢滑移小于 1000 ppm。随着负荷的增加,氢气滑移量下降到 500 ppm 以下。最后,研究证明,氢气在化学计量水平下比汽油更稳定。这表明,在某些应用中,氢气可以替代汽油,这对替代能源具有重大意义。
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来源期刊
SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants
SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
10.00%
发文量
16
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