Perbandingan Metode Random Forest, Convolutional Neural Network, dan Support Vector Machine Untuk Klasifikasi Jenis Mangga

Abstract

Mango is a fruit known as the "King of Fruit" due to its rich flavor, vast variability, and high nutritional value. Classifying mangoes based on their external appearance is the initial step in the process of identifying and categorizing mango types conventionally. The classification process can be performed by examining external features such as fruit color, shape, and size. Classifying different types of mango fruits accurately can assist researchers in developing superior varieties and also aid farmers for cultivation purposes, sales, distribution, and selecting the right varieties for local growth and weather conditions. This research conducts the classification of mango types based on color from mango images using machine learning. The study compares three methods, namely Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), to determine the best method for classifying mango types based on their images. The dataset underwent preprocessing, where image sizes were standardized to 300 x 300 pixels, and color was changed to grayscale. The dataset was then divided into training and testing data with a ratio of 70:30. Subsequently, the dataset was processed using three methods, and their accuracy results were compared. The findings indicate that the Random Forest method yielded the highest accuracy compared to the other methods, with an accuracy rate of 96%. The accuracy of the SVM method was 95%, and the accuracy of the CNN method was 33%. From these results, it can be concluded that the Random Forest method is highly effective for classifying mango types based on their image compared to SVM and CNN methods.