Optimization, Sodium Hydroxide and Plantain Fibres: Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Composites for Transtibial Prosthetic Socket

C. O. Nwaiwu, Jervas Ekezie, O. T. Azeez, Ada, J., Daniel, Oluchi Blessing Igbokwe, Magdalene Nkeiru Akanbi
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Abstract

Low mechanical behaviors of natural fibres in the reinforcement of polymer composites have remain an issue of concern. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of NaOH treatment on the mechanical properties of plantain fiber for the transtibial prosthetic sockets made of polyester resin. Plantain fiber was extracted from the plantain bast using water retting techniques. The fibres were modified using alkaline treatment method of 5 – 25% for variable time of 30 to 150 minutes. It was optimized using 3-level Factorial design (3-LCD) of response surface methodology based on tensile properties of treated fibres. The polyester composites of plantain and glass fibers were prepared using hand-layup techniques. Instron Universal testing machine-3369 model was used to determine the tensile and impact properties of fibers and polyester composites. Rockwell hardness tester-RBHT/S-39 model was used to determine the hardness property. The optimum process conditions of 5 % NaOH for 119 minutes improved plantain fiber tensile strength, modulus, strain, energy, and extension by improved by 102.03, 208.07, 9.70, 210.52 and 205.73 %, respectively. The ultimate tensile strength and modulus was obtained at 10 and 12.5% fiber loading. The hardness and impact strength of NaOH modified unsaturated polyester composites was marginally more than 3.51 and 10.69% of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated composites, respectively, at 12.5% fiber loading. FTIR analysis revealed the improvement in mechanical properties. Thus, NaOH modified plantain fiber unsaturated polyester composites serves as a better alternative for making transtibial prosthetic socket.
优化、氢氧化钠和车前草纤维:用于经胫骨假体插座的不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能
天然纤维在聚合物复合材料加固中的低机械性能一直是一个令人担忧的问题。本研究旨在探讨 NaOH 处理对聚酯树脂制成的经胫假肢套筒中车前草纤维机械性能的影响。车前草纤维是从车前草韧皮部使用水甑技术提取的。使用 5 - 25% 的碱性处理方法对纤维进行改性,时间从 30 分钟到 150 分钟不等。根据处理后纤维的拉伸性能,采用响应面方法的 3 级因子设计(3-LCD)对其进行优化。车前草和玻璃纤维的聚酯复合材料是用手糊技术制备的。使用 Instron 通用试验机--3369 型测定纤维和聚酯复合材料的拉伸和冲击性能。洛氏硬度计-RBHT/S-39 型用于测定硬度性能。在最佳工艺条件下,5%的 NaOH 溶剂作用 119 分钟,可使车前草纤维的拉伸强度、模量、应变、能量和延伸率分别提高 102.03%、208.07%、9.70%、210.52% 和 205.73%。纤维负载量分别为 10% 和 12.5% 时,可获得极限拉伸强度和模量。在纤维负载量为 12.5% 时,NaOH 改性不饱和聚酯复合材料的硬度和冲击强度分别略高于玻纤增强不饱和复合材料的 3.51% 和 10.69%。傅立叶变换红外分析表明,这种复合材料的机械性能得到了改善。因此,NaOH 改性车前草纤维不饱和聚酯复合材料是制作经胫假肢插座的更好替代品。
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