Certain problems of protecting the constitutional rights of the individual when considering complaints by the courts in accordance with Article 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation

A. L. Osipov
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Abstract

Based on the conceptual characteristics of the institute of judicial control in accordance with Article 125 of the CCP of the Russian Federation, separate problems of protecting the constitutional rights of an individual using this means of judicial protection are identified: lack of uniformity in the interpretation of norms on the subject and ambit of judicial control; lack of clear standards of proof when considering complaints by courts in accordance with Article 125 of the CCP of the Russian Federation; lack of regulatory provisions defining formal criteria for the admissibility of submitted complaints, which entails limiting the right of interested persons to judicial protection in cases of arbitrary interpretation of the provisions of the law by the courts. As measures to improve judicial practice, it is proposed to refine the subject, ambit and standards of judicial control by referring to them the issues of validity and proportionality of restrictions on constitutional rights of the individual, as well as assessing the sufficiency of evidence in favor of the introduction of such restrictions; regulatory clarification of the requirements for the content of complaints, as well as the powers of the court to make decisions on refusal to accept formally unacceptable complaints for  production.
法院根据《俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼法典》第 125 条审理申诉时保护个人宪法权利的若干问题
根据《俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼法》第 125 条规定的司法控制机构的概念特征,确定了利用这一司法保护 手段保护个人宪法权利的不同问题:对司法监督主体和范围的规范解释缺乏统一性;法院在根据《俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼法》第 125 条审理申诉时缺乏明确的证据标准;缺乏界定申诉受理正式标准的规范性条款,这导致在法院任意解释法律 条款的情况下限制了相关人员获得司法保护的权利。作为改进司法实践的措施,建议完善司法控制的主体、范围和标准,将限制个人宪法权利的有效性和相 称性问题以及评估支持引入此类限制的证据充分性问题纳入其中;从法规上明确对申诉内容的要求,以及法 院就拒绝接受形式上不可接受的申诉做出裁决的权力。
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