Hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) propellants cross‐linked by dimer acid diisocyanate (DDI): Cross‐linking network and properties

Kai Xin, Rongjie Yang, Kairui Yang, Jianmin Li, Jinxian Zhai
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Abstract

Considering the high toxicity of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and the low reactivity of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), a low‐toxicity curing agent, dimer acid diisocyanate (DDI), was used to cross‐link HTPB elastomers and propellants. The unique long‐chain structure of DDI not only ensures the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the elastomer, but also improves the flexibility to some extent. The long flexible chains promote the segment movement, which is very important for the formation of hydrogen bonds between segments. The chemical cross‐linking network and hydrogen bonding association play a significant role in the mechanical properties of the HTPB/DDI system. The relationship between the mole ratio of ‐NCO to ‐OH (R‐value) and the mechanical properties of HTPB/DDI elastomers were also investigated. In the range of R‐value from 0.85 to 1.2, the elastic modulus and tensile strength first increase and then decrease, and the elongation at break first decreases and then increases. Under the same curing conditions, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the HTPB/DDI propellant are similar to the HTPB/TDI propellant. For the HTPB/AP/Al propellants and HTPB/AP/RDX/Al propellants, the HTPB/DDI system has lower burning rates in the range of 5–19 MPa than the HTPB/TDI system and HTPB/IPDI system. The application of DDI can reduce the burning rates of the propellant without adding any burning rate modifiers. It is considered that DDI can replace TDI and IPDI as a new curing agent with low toxicity and moderate reactivity for HTPB systems.
二聚酸二异氰酸酯(DDI)交联的羟基封端聚丁二烯(HTPB)推进剂:交联网络与性能
考虑到甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的毒性较高,而异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)的反应活性较低,因此采用了低毒固化剂二聚酸二异氰酸酯(DDI)来交联 HTPB 弹性体和推进剂。DDI 独特的长链结构不仅保证了弹性体的弹性模量和拉伸强度,还在一定程度上提高了弹性。长柔性链可促进段的移动,这对段与段之间形成氢键非常重要。化学交联网络和氢键关联对 HTPB/DDI 系统的机械性能起着重要作用。此外,还研究了 -NCO 与 -OH 的摩尔比(R 值)与 HTPB/DDI 弹性体机械性能之间的关系。在 R 值为 0.85 至 1.2 的范围内,弹性模量和拉伸强度先增大后减小,断裂伸长率先减小后增大。在相同的固化条件下,HTPB/DDI 推进剂的弹性模量和拉伸强度与 HTPB/TDI 推进剂相似。就 HTPB/AP/Al 推进剂和 HTPB/AP/RDX/Al 推进剂而言,HTPB/DDI 系统在 5-19 MPa 范围内的燃烧速率低于 HTPB/TDI 系统和 HTPB/IPDI 系统。使用 DDI 可以在不添加任何燃烧速率调节剂的情况下降低推进剂的燃烧速率。据认为,DDI 可以取代 TDI 和 IPDI,成为 HTPB 体系中毒性低、反应性适中的新型固化剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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