Influencing Factors and Survival Analysis of Late Readmission after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore the influencing factors analysis of late readmission after patients with acute myocardial infarction received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 368 patients with acute myocardial infarction who received PCI treatment in West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University from January 2018, to January 2021, were selected for the study. Among them, 110 subjects were excluded, and 258 subjects were finally included, of which 124 were readmitted and 134 were not readmitted. The baseline data and clinical characteristics of the patients were collected, and the influencing factors of readmission were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The readmitted patients were followed up for 12 months. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the survival of patients with delayed readmitted and calculate the survival rate. Results: Significant differences were found between readmitted patients and non-readmitted patients in terms of age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), history of early coronary heart disease, history of hypertension, history of oral anticoagulant drugs, and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF, p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in gender, body mass index, family history of acute myocardial infarction, history of chronic kidney disease, history of diabetes, history of smoking, history of drinking, and the number of implanted stents and diseased vessels (p > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, COPD, history of premature coronary heart disease, history of oral anticoagulant drugs, and LVEF were important influencing factors of delayed readmission after PCI (all p < 0.05). Follow-up results showed that 125 patients survived and nine died among the delayed non-readmission patients after PCI. Among the patients with delayed readmission, 95 survived and 29 died. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the survival time of patients with delayed non-readmission was longer than that of patients with delayed readmission, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 17.696, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Age, COPD, history of oral anticoagulant drugs, and LVEF are important influencing factors of delayed readmission after PCI, and the survival time of patients with delayed non-readmission is longer than that of patients with delayed readmission.