INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS, ITS CHALLENGES AND UPDATING THE DUKE CRITERIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Bianca Gabriella De Oliveira, Melissa Alves Aires Marques, Débora Maria Queiroz Brandão, Débora Oliveira Moraes, Alane Cássia Oliveira Cradoso, Luana Vine Passos Lima
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Abstract

Infective endocarditis (IE) is an inflammatory process that occurs in the endocardium and also in implantable cardiac devices, the septum between the heart chambers, and in particular the heart valves, whether biological or prosthetic, this process comes from infection by some microorganism, especially bacteria. In 2023, the International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) reformulated the diagnostic criteria, in particular those related to microbiological aspects. The aim of this study is to discuss the modified Duke criteria, therapeutic measures, and future challenges. The present study is a narrative bibliographical review that analyzed scientific production in online databases. Because it is a rare pathology, its annual incidence is between 3 and 10 cases per 100,000 people, and it is twice as common in males. Its treatment is complex, but its mainstay is antibiotic therapy and, when necessary, cardiac surgery. Empirical antibiotic treatment should be carried out as soon as possible after blood culture tests have been taken. In conclusion, IE is one of the most laborious and difficult medical conditions for physicians to practice, so it is important to employ a systemic approach based on scientific evidence for diagnostic investigation and therapeutic care for good results and patient well-being.
感染性心内膜炎、其挑战和杜克标准的更新:文献综述
感染性心内膜炎(IE)是一种发生在心内膜、植入式心脏设备、心腔之间的隔膜,特别是心脏瓣膜(无论是生物瓣膜还是人工瓣膜)的炎症过程。2023 年,国际心血管传染病学会(ISCVID)重新制定了诊断标准,尤其是与微生物相关的标准。本研究旨在讨论修改后的杜克标准、治疗措施和未来的挑战。本研究是一篇叙述性文献综述,分析了在线数据库中的科学成果。由于该病是一种罕见病,其年发病率为每 10 万人中 3 到 10 例,男性发病率是女性的两倍。其治疗方法复杂,但主要是抗生素治疗,必要时进行心脏手术。在进行血液培养检测后,应尽快进行经验性抗生素治疗。总之,IE 是医生在临床实践中最费力、最困难的病症之一,因此必须采用基于科学证据的系统方法进行诊断调查和治疗护理,以获得良好的效果和患者的福祉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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