Responding to Covid-19 Pandemic: Policy and Governance Perspective to Reverse Migration in Uttarakhand

P. C. Kandpal
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Abstract

The coronavirus disease, commonly referred to as Covid-19, had engendered inadvertent and significant societal upheaval, widespread economic setbacks, and compelled the relocation of individuals on a global scale. Analogous repercussions have been witnessed in the context of India, notably exemplified by the mass exodus of migrant labourers from their designated areas of employment to their native regions, precipitated by a comprehensive governmental lockdown enacted to interrupt the transmission chain of Covid-19. This stringent lockdown exacerbated the plight of economically marginalised migrant workers, compelling them to endure financial precarity and minimal reserves while confined to their residences. Consequently, a substantial number of migrants, primarily employed in the informal sector, found themselves compelled to return to their ‘places of origin’ from their ‘places of destination’ as an imperative means of survival. The present article elucidates the characteristics and ramifications of this phenomenon of reverse migration, undertaking an evaluative analysis of India’s response to the challenges posed by reverse migration in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic. Special attention is directed towards the policy and governance dynamics, with a particular focus on the hilly state of Uttarakhand, India.
应对 Covid-19 大流行病:北阿坎德邦逆向移民的政策与治理视角
冠状病毒疾病通常被称为 Covid-19,它在不经意间引发了重大的社会动荡,造成了广泛的经济衰退,并迫使全球范围内的个人迁移。在印度也出现了类似的反响,最明显的例子是,为了阻断 Covid-19 的传播链,政府实施了全面封锁,导致大批移民劳工从指定的就业地区返回家乡。这种严格的封锁加剧了经济上被边缘化的外来务工人员的困境,迫使他们在被限制在住所的情况下忍受经济上的不稳定和最低限度的储备。因此,大量主要受雇于非正规部门的移民发现自己不得不从 "目的地 "返回 "原籍地",以此作为必要的生存手段。本文阐明了这种逆向移民现象的特点和影响,并对印度在 Covid-19 大流行后应对逆向移民挑战的措施进行了评估分析。文章特别关注政策和治理动态,尤其关注印度北阿坎德邦的丘陵地带。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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