In Vitro Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Etlingera Elatior Ethanol Extract Growing in Gayo Highland, Aceh Province, Indonesia

F1000Research Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI:10.12688/f1000research.149029.1

Z. Zumaidar, Nuzul Asmilia, Saudah Saudah, Milda Husnah

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Abstract

Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing overtime, potentially leading to various severe health complications and mortality. Despite therapeutic agents have currently been developed, unexpected adverse effects are inevitable. Hence, safe and effective medications such as those of plant origin are critical to prevent unexpected complication in DM sufferers. Etlingera elatior has been widely used as spice and traditional medicine to treat diabetes in Aceh Province, Indonesia. However, study regarding α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of E. elatior growing in Gayo highlands, Aceh, Indonesia, is completely lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of E. elatior ethanol extracts (EEEE) growing in Gayo highlands, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Methods Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH procedure, whereas α-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out using spectrophotometric method. Data analysis was performed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at α=0.05. Results Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), and total tannin (TTC) content in all E. elatior plant parts, in which the highest TPC was found in the stem (158.38 GAE/g), whereas the highest TFC and TTC was obtained in the rhizome extracts. The extract of fruit showed the strongest antioxidant activities, followed by the stem and leaf, with IC50 of 2.381 μg/mL, 6.966 μg/mL, and 19.365 μg/mL, respectively. All E. elatior extracts revealed a significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase at the concentration of 500 μg/mL, in which the stem extract showed the most effective α-glucosidase inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 5.15 μg/mL, suggesting its promising potential as antidiabetic agent. Conclusions This study highlights E. elatior potency as a novel source of antioxidant and natural antidiabetic compounds that are useful for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

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生长在印度尼西亚亚齐省加约高原的 Etlingera Elatior 乙醇提取物的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用

背景糖尿病（DM）的发病率与日俱增，有可能导致各种严重的健康并发症和死亡。尽管目前已开发出治疗药物，但不可避免地会出现意外的不良反应。因此，安全有效的药物（如源自植物的药物）对于预防糖尿病患者出现意外并发症至关重要。Etlingera elatior 在印度尼西亚亚齐省被广泛用作治疗糖尿病的香料和传统药物。然而，关于生长在印度尼西亚亚齐省加约高原的 E. elatior 的 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用的研究却完全缺乏。本研究旨在评估生长在印度尼西亚亚齐省加约高原的 E. elatior 乙醇提取物（EEEE）的体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。方法采用 DPPH 方法测定抗氧化活性，采用分光光度法测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。数据分析采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA），然后在α=0.05的条件下进行邓肯多重范围检验。植物化学分析结果表明，E. elatior 植物的所有部分都含有总酚（TPC）、总黄酮（TFC）和总鞣质（TTC），其中茎中的总酚含量最高（158.38 GAE/g），而根茎提取物中的总黄酮和总鞣质含量最高。果实提取物的抗氧化活性最强，其次是茎和叶，IC50 分别为 2.381 μg/mL、6.966 μg/mL 和 19.365 μg/mL。在浓度为 500 μg/mL 时，所有 E. elatior 提取物都显示出对α-葡萄糖苷酶的显著抑制活性，其中茎提取物显示出最有效的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用，IC50 值为 5.15 μg/mL，表明其具有作为抗糖尿病药物的潜力。结论本研究强调了 E. elatior 作为一种新型抗氧化剂和天然抗糖尿病化合物来源的潜力，可用于预防和治疗糖尿病。

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