Modern-Day Therapeutics and Ongoing Clinical Trials against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review

IF 2.4 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current diabetes reviews Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI:10.2174/0115733998294919240506044544

R. Tiwari, Afza Ahmad, Muskan Chadha, Kingshuk Saha, Harshita Verma, Kalpojit Borgohain, Ratnakar Shukla

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Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health concern that affects millions of people globally. The present review aims to narrate the clinical guidelines and therapeutic interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Furthermore, the present work summarizes the ongoing phase 1/2/3 and clinical trials against T2DM. A meticulous and comprehensive literature review was performed using various databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Clinical trials database (https://clinicaltrials.gov/), and Google Scholar, to include various clinical trials and therapeutic interventions against T2DM. Based on our findings, we concluded that most T2DM-associated clinical trials are interventional. Anti-diabetic therapeutics, including insulin, metformin, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs), and Sodium- Glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are frontline therapeutics being clinically investigated. Currently, the therapeutics in phase IV clinical trials are mostly SGLT-2 inhibitors, implicating their critical contribution to the clinical management of T2DM. Despite the success of T2DM treatments, a surge in innovative treatment options to reduce diabetic consequences and improve glycemic control is currently ongoing. More emphasis needs to be on exploring novel targeted drug candidates that can offer more sustained glycemic control.

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现代疗法和正在进行的 2 型糖尿病临床试验：叙述性综述

糖尿病（DM）是一个全球性的健康问题，影响着全球数百万人。本综述旨在阐述 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的临床指南和治疗干预措施。此外，本综述还总结了正在进行的针对T2DM的1/2/3期临床试验。我们利用PubMed、MEDLINE、临床试验数据库（https://clinicaltrials.gov/）和谷歌学术等各种数据库进行了细致而全面的文献综述，收录了针对T2DM的各种临床试验和治疗干预措施。根据我们的研究结果，我们得出结论：大多数与T2DM相关的临床试验都是干预性的。抗糖尿病治疗药物，包括胰岛素、二甲双胍、二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）抑制剂、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1RA）和钠葡萄糖共转运体-2（SGLT-2）抑制剂，都是临床研究的一线治疗药物。目前，处于 IV 期临床试验阶段的治疗药物主要是 SGLT-2 抑制剂，这意味着它们对 T2DM 的临床治疗做出了重要贡献。尽管 T2DM 的治疗取得了成功，但目前仍有大量创新治疗方案正在进行中，以减少糖尿病后果并改善血糖控制。需要更加重视探索新型靶向候选药物，以提供更持久的血糖控制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current diabetes reviews ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

158

期刊介绍： Current Diabetes Reviews publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances on diabetes and its related areas e.g. pharmacology, pathogenesis, complications, epidemiology, clinical care, and therapy. The journal"s aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to clinical research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians who are involved in the field of diabetes.