Aging and cancer

IF 27.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Cancer Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI:10.1186/s12943-024-02020-z

Léa Montégut, Carlos López-Otín, Guido Kroemer

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aging and cancer exhibit apparent links that we will examine in this review. The null hypothesis that aging and cancer coincide because both are driven by time, irrespective of the precise causes, can be confronted with the idea that aging and cancer share common mechanistic grounds that are referred to as ‘hallmarks’. Indeed, several hallmarks of aging also contribute to carcinogenesis and tumor progression, but some of the molecular and cellular characteristics of aging may also reduce the probability of developing lethal cancer, perhaps explaining why very old age (> 90 years) is accompanied by a reduced incidence of neoplastic diseases. We will also discuss the possibility that the aging process itself causes cancer, meaning that the time-dependent degradation of cellular and supracellular functions that accompanies aging produces cancer as a byproduct or ‘age-associated disease’. Conversely, cancer and its treatment may erode health and drive the aging process, as this has dramatically been documented for cancer survivors diagnosed during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. We conclude that aging and cancer are connected by common superior causes including endogenous and lifestyle factors, as well as by a bidirectional crosstalk, that together render old age not only a risk factor of cancer but also an important parameter that must be considered for therapeutic decisions.

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衰老与癌症

衰老与癌症之间存在着明显的联系，我们将在本综述中对此进行研究。有人认为，衰老和癌症的发生都是由时间驱动的，无论确切的原因是什么，因此衰老和癌症的发生是一致的，但这一假设是无效的。事实上，衰老的一些特征也有助于癌变和肿瘤的发展，但衰老的一些分子和细胞特征也可能降低罹患致命癌症的几率，这或许可以解释为什么高龄（大于 90 岁）伴随着肿瘤性疾病发病率的降低。我们还将讨论衰老过程本身导致癌症的可能性，也就是说，伴随衰老而来的细胞和细胞上功能的时间依赖性退化会产生癌症这种副产品或 "年龄相关疾病"。相反，癌症及其治疗可能会侵蚀健康并推动衰老过程，这一点在童年、青春期和青壮年时期确诊的癌症幸存者身上有大量的记录。我们的结论是，衰老与癌症之间存在着共同的上位原因，包括内源性因素和生活方式因素，同时还存在着双向的相互影响，这使得老年不仅是癌症的风险因素，也是治疗决策必须考虑的一个重要参数。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

54.90

自引率

2.70%

发文量

224

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Cancer is a platform that encourages the exchange of ideas and discoveries in the field of cancer research, particularly focusing on the molecular aspects. Our goal is to facilitate discussions and provide insights into various areas of cancer and related biomedical science. We welcome articles from basic, translational, and clinical research that contribute to the advancement of understanding, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. The scope of topics covered in Molecular Cancer is diverse and inclusive. These include, but are not limited to, cell and tumor biology, angiogenesis, utilizing animal models, understanding metastasis, exploring cancer antigens and the immune response, investigating cellular signaling and molecular biology, examining epidemiology, genetic and molecular profiling of cancer, identifying molecular targets, studying cancer stem cells, exploring DNA damage and repair mechanisms, analyzing cell cycle regulation, investigating apoptosis, exploring molecular virology, and evaluating vaccine and antibody-based cancer therapies. Molecular Cancer serves as an important platform for sharing exciting discoveries in cancer-related research. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to communicate information to both specialists and the general public. The online presence of Molecular Cancer enables immediate publication of accepted articles and facilitates the presentation of large datasets and supplementary information. This ensures that new research is efficiently and rapidly disseminated to the scientific community.