Global and Local Ancestry and its Importance: A Mini-Review

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.2174/0113892029298909240426094055

Rangasai Chandra Goli, Kiyevi G. Chishi, Indrajit Ganguly, Sanjeev Singh, S.P. Dixit, Pallavi Rathi, Vikas Diwakar, Chandana Sree C, Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar, Nidhi Sukhija, K.K. Kanaka

{"title":"Global and Local Ancestry and its Importance: A Mini-Review","authors":"Rangasai Chandra Goli, Kiyevi G. Chishi, Indrajit Ganguly, Sanjeev Singh, S.P. Dixit, Pallavi Rathi, Vikas Diwakar, Chandana Sree C, Omkar Maharudra Limbalkar, Nidhi Sukhija, K.K. Kanaka","doi":"10.2174/0113892029298909240426094055","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":": The fastest way to significantly change the composition of a population is through admixture, an evolutionary mechanism. In animal breeding history, genetic admixture has provided both short-term and long-term advantages by utilizing the phenomenon of complementarity and heterosis in several traits and genetic diversity, respectively. The traditional method of admixture analysis by pedigree records has now been replaced greatly by genome-wide marker data that enables more precise estimations. Among these markers, SNPs have been the popular choice since they are cost-effective, not so laborious, and automation of genotyping is easy. Certain markers can suggest the possibility of a population's origin from a sample of DNA where the source individual is unknown or unwilling to disclose their lineage, which are called Ancestry-Informative Markers (AIMs). Revealing admixture level at the locus-specific level is termed as local ancestry and can be exploited to identify signs of recent selective response and can account for genetic drift. Considering the importance of genetic admixture and local ancestry, in this mini-review, both concepts are illustrated, encompassing basics, their estimation/identification methods, tools/- software used and their applications.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892029298909240426094055","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

: The fastest way to significantly change the composition of a population is through admixture, an evolutionary mechanism. In animal breeding history, genetic admixture has provided both short-term and long-term advantages by utilizing the phenomenon of complementarity and heterosis in several traits and genetic diversity, respectively. The traditional method of admixture analysis by pedigree records has now been replaced greatly by genome-wide marker data that enables more precise estimations. Among these markers, SNPs have been the popular choice since they are cost-effective, not so laborious, and automation of genotyping is easy. Certain markers can suggest the possibility of a population's origin from a sample of DNA where the source individual is unknown or unwilling to disclose their lineage, which are called Ancestry-Informative Markers (AIMs). Revealing admixture level at the locus-specific level is termed as local ancestry and can be exploited to identify signs of recent selective response and can account for genetic drift. Considering the importance of genetic admixture and local ancestry, in this mini-review, both concepts are illustrated, encompassing basics, their estimation/identification methods, tools/- software used and their applications.

查看原文本刊更多论文

全球和地方祖先及其重要性：小型回顾

:掺杂是一种进化机制，是显著改变种群组成的最快方法。在动物育种史上，基因掺杂分别利用了若干性状和遗传多样性的互补性和异质性现象，提供了短期和长期的优势。目前，通过血统记录进行混杂分析的传统方法已被全基因组标记数据大大取代，从而可以进行更精确的估计。在这些标记中，SNP 因其成本效益高、不太费力、基因分型自动化容易而成为热门选择。某些标记物可以从来源不明或不愿透露血统的 DNA 样本中提示人群起源的可能性，这些标记物被称为祖先信息标记物（AIM）。在特定位点水平上揭示掺杂水平被称为本地祖先，可用于识别近期选择性反应的迹象，并解释遗传漂移。考虑到遗传混杂和地方祖先的重要性，本微型综述将阐述这两个概念，包括基础知识、估算/识别方法、所用工具/软件及其应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.