Carbon capture and utilization under EU law: impermanent storage of CO2 in products and pre-combustion carbon capture

Kim Talus, Reza Maddahi
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Abstract

The evolving regulatory landscape within the European Union demonstrates a transition from prioritizing carbon capture and storage over carbon capture and utilization towards a more equitable treatment of both approaches in relevant legislation and policy frameworks. Nevertheless, the ‘permanence’ criterion of carbon dioxide in the products remains an ongoing challenge. Within the current European legal framework, harnessing the regulatory incentives depends on how long carbon dioxide remains in carbon capture and utilization products. The study elucidates the evolving regulatory landscape surrounding carbon capture and utilization by examining recent legislative initiatives and amendments to key directives such as the Emissions Trading System Directive and the Renewable Energy Directive. Furthermore, it explores the implications of the European Union Net-zero Industry Act and the Carbon Removal Certification Framework. In addition, this article examines and explains the need for expanding the scope of carbon capture and utilization and storage by incorporating pre-combustion carbon capture through methane splitting into the definition.
欧盟法律规定的碳捕集与利用:产品中二氧化碳的无常储存和燃烧前碳捕集
欧盟内部不断演变的监管格局表明,相关立法和政策框架正在从优先考虑碳捕集与封存而非碳捕集与利用,向更加公平地对待这两种方法过渡。然而,产品中二氧化碳的 "永久性 "标准仍然是一个持续的挑战。在目前的欧洲法律框架内,如何利用监管激励措施取决于二氧化碳在碳捕集与利用产品中的存留时间。本研究通过考察最近的立法倡议以及对《排放交易系统指令》和《可再生能源指令》等主要指令的修订,阐明了围绕碳捕集与利用不断变化的监管形势。此外,文章还探讨了欧盟净零工业法案和碳清除认证框架的影响。此外,本文还研究并解释了扩大碳捕集、利用和封存范围的必要性,将通过甲烷分离进行燃烧前碳捕集纳入定义中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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