PET imaging of dopaminergic system and clinical applications

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Clinical and Translational Imaging Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI:10.1007/s40336-024-00646-z

Ismet Sarikaya

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Dopamine is one of the major neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. Dopamine is involved in various cerebral and peripheral physiological functions and pathological conditions. The aim of this mini review is to overview the dopamine, PET radiotracers of dopaminergic system and their clinical applications.

Methods

Dopamine synthesis, dopamine receptors, role of dopamine in physiological functions and diseases, PET radiotracers of dopaminergic system and their clinical applications were reviewed.

Results

There is a large number of PET radiotracers to assess various elements of dopaminergic system such as F-18 fluorodopamine to assess dopamine transfer and storage in peripheral catecholamine-synthesizing cells, F-18 FDOPA to assess L-DOPA transfer via l-amino acid transporters, conversion of L-DOPA to dopamine by aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase and storage of dopamine at vesicles, C-11 methylphenidat, C-11 dihydrotetrabenazine, and C-11 deprenyl to assess dopamine transport via dopamine transporters, dopamine transport into vesicles by vesicular monoamine transporter-2, and dopamine degredation by monoamine oxidase, respectively, in presynaptic dopaminergic nerve terminals in the brain and in certain peripheral cells and C-11 raclopride and C-11 SCH 23,390 to assess dopamine receptors at postsynaptic nerve terminals. Among these radiotracers, only F-18 FDOPA is widely and commercially available. The other radiotracers are available in limited centers, mainly for research purpose. Dopaminergic PET radiotracers help to detect or diagnose various diseases such as parkinsonian syndromes, huntington’s disease, dementias, schizophrenia, drug addictions, paragangliomas, pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, gut carcinoids, gliomas and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

Conclusion

There is a large number of dopaminergic PET radiotracers which help to detect or diagnose diseases of the various systems in which dopaminergic system is involved.

Abstract Image

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多巴胺能系统 PET 成像及临床应用

目的多巴胺是中枢神经系统的主要神经递质之一。多巴胺参与大脑和外周的各种生理功能和病理状态。方法综述多巴胺的合成、多巴胺受体、多巴胺在生理功能和疾病中的作用、多巴胺能系统的正电子发射体及其临床应用。结果目前有大量的PET放射性同位素可评估多巴胺能系统的各种因素，如F-18氟多巴胺可评估多巴胺在外周儿茶酚胺合成细胞中的转移和储存，F-18 FDOPA可评估L-DOPA通过l-氨基酸转运体的转移，L-DOPA通过芳香族l-氨基酸脱羧酶转化为多巴胺，以及多巴胺在囊泡中的储存，C-11甲基苯尼考、C-11 methylphenidat、C-11 dihydrotetrabenazine 和 C-11 deprenyl 分别用于评估大脑突触前多巴胺能神经末梢和某些外周细胞中多巴胺通过多巴胺转运体的转运、通过囊泡单胺转运体-2 转运多巴胺到囊泡以及通过单胺氧化酶降解多巴胺的情况；C-11 raclopride 和 C-11 SCH 23,390 用于评估突触后神经末梢的多巴胺受体。在这些放射性核素中，只有 F-18 FDOPA 可在市场上广泛销售。其他放射性racers在有限的中心有售，主要用于研究目的。多巴胺能 PET 放射性示踪剂有助于检测或诊断各种疾病，如帕金森综合征、亨廷顿病、痴呆症、精神分裂症、药物成瘾、副神经节瘤、嗜铬细胞瘤、甲状腺髓样癌、肠道类癌、胶质瘤和高胰岛素低血糖症。结论有大量的多巴胺能 PET 放射性同位素有助于检测或诊断涉及多巴胺能系统的各系统疾病。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Imaging Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Imaging is an international journal that publishes timely, up-to-date summaries on clinical practice and translational research and clinical applications of approved and experimental radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Coverage includes such topics as advanced preclinical evidence in the fields of physics, dosimetry, radiation biology and radiopharmacy with relevance to applications in human subjects. The journal benefits a readership of nuclear medicine practitioners and allied professionals involved in molecular imaging and therapy.