Proposals for new spray drift exposure values in orchards and vineyards for residents and bystanders

IF 3 4区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, LEGAL

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI:10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105643

Udo Blaschke , Edgars Felkers , Nicola J. Hewitt , Felix M. Kluxen , Neil Morgan , Christiane Wiemann

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In the EU, predicted exposure to spray drift for residents and bystanders from applications in orchards and vineyards is based on data from one study published in 1987, where one downwind distance (8 m) was considered. CropLife Europe conducted sixteen new GLP compliant studies in 4 EU countries, 8 in orchards, 8 in vineyards with early and late season applications, using adult and child mannequins located 5, 10 and 15 m downwind from the last row to measure dermal and inhalation exposures. The resulting “Bystander Resident Orchard Vineyard (BROV)” database comprises 288 observations and offers a more comprehensive option for exposure prediction.

There were differences between adult and child, crop type, leaf cover and distance from the sprayer, supporting the derivation of mean, median, 75th and 95th percentile exposures for each subset. Exposures did not generally correlate with wind speed, wind direction, sprayer type, spray quality, spray concentration or amount applied. Dermal and inhalation exposure were lower in vineyards than in orchards and further analysis is required to understand why.

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关于果园和葡萄园中居民和旁观者新的喷雾漂移暴露值的建议。

在欧盟，果园和葡萄园施药对居民和旁观者造成的喷雾漂移暴露预测是基于 1987 年发表的一项研究的数据，当时只考虑了一个下风距离（8 米）。欧洲作物生命协会在 4 个欧盟国家进行了 16 项符合 GLP 标准的新研究，其中 8 项研究在果园进行，8 项研究在葡萄园进行，分别在早季和晚季施药，使用成人和儿童人体模型分别位于最后一行的下风向 5 米、10 米和 15 米处，以测量皮肤和吸入暴露。由此产生的 "旁观者常驻果园葡萄园（BROV）"数据库包含 288 个观测值，为暴露预测提供了更全面的选择。成人与儿童、作物类型、树叶覆盖率和与喷雾器的距离之间存在差异，这为得出每个子集的平均值、中位数、第 75 百分位数和第 95 百分位数暴露量提供了支持。暴露量一般与风速、风向、喷雾器类型、喷雾质量、喷雾浓度或施药量无关。葡萄园的皮肤和吸入暴露量低于果园，需要进一步分析以了解原因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

8.80%

发文量

147

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes peer reviewed articles that involve the generation, evaluation, and interpretation of experimental animal and human data that are of direct importance and relevance for regulatory authorities with respect to toxicological and pharmacological regulations in society. All peer-reviewed articles that are published should be devoted to improve the protection of human health and environment. Reviews and discussions are welcomed that address legal and/or regulatory decisions with respect to risk assessment and management of toxicological and pharmacological compounds on a scientific basis. It addresses an international readership of scientists, risk assessors and managers, and other professionals active in the field of human and environmental health. Types of peer-reviewed articles published: -Original research articles of relevance for regulatory aspects covering aspects including, but not limited to: 1.Factors influencing human sensitivity 2.Exposure science related to risk assessment 3.Alternative toxicological test methods 4.Frameworks for evaluation and integration of data in regulatory evaluations 5.Harmonization across regulatory agencies 6.Read-across methods and evaluations -Contemporary Reviews on policy related Research issues -Letters to the Editor -Guest Editorials (by Invitation)