Assessing the long-term effects of conservation agriculture on cotton production in Northeast Louisiana using the denitrification–decomposition model

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Janntul Ferdush, Changyoon Jeong, Hwangju Jeon, Jim Wang, Kyoung Ro, Xi Zhang, Meesook Lee
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Conservation agriculture (CA) aims to sustain agricultural production, soil, and environmental health in agroecosystems and has been promoted throughout the United States. The adoption of CA in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) systems provides both agronomic and environmental benefits. Yet, there is limited information on the long-term effects of CA practices on crop yield and adaptation strategies. An integrated CA system, that is, cover crops with no-tillage (NT) instead of conventional agriculture, was implemented in the long-term field experiments and assessed with an integrated biogeochemical model. Using the denitrification–decomposition model, this study estimated the effects of four different cover crops, for example, native grass (NG), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), on cotton yield under four different nitrogen (N) levels (e.g., 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N/ha) and estimated responses on carbon (C) sequestration, and ecosystem functionality over a 10-year study. The NT-NG 50 N was used as a calibration dataset to accurately estimate the cotton lint yield with a normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 21% and model efficiency of 0.3. The calibration data validated the effects of hairy vetch, winter wheat, and crimson clover under the NT-50 N with NRMSE of 24%, 21%, and 25%, respectively. According to the scenario analysis, the 50 kg N/ha application with a single-irrigation event (10-cm depth) was most beneficial for maximizing the cotton yield with cover crop incorporation at the NT system over the long term. The effects of increasing cover crop biomass (i.e., double seed rate) on C content, regardless of N application rates, varied based on the relationship between the main and cover crop species. Besides, the furrow plow tillage system provided efficient C sequestration. The proposed approach stands to provide agricultural and environmental sustainability with the implementation of cover crop or crop residue incorporation instead of increased N application, seed rates, and irrigation events under NT practices.

Abstract Image

利用反硝化-分解模型评估保护性农业对路易斯安那州东北部棉花生产的长期影响
保护性农业(CA)旨在维持农业生态系统中的农业生产、土壤和环境健康,已在全美得到推广。在棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)系统中采用保护性耕作可带来农艺和环境效益。然而,有关 CA 实践对作物产量和适应策略的长期影响的信息十分有限。我们在长期田间试验中实施了综合 CA 系统,即用覆盖作物和免耕(NT)代替传统农业,并用综合生物地球化学模型进行了评估。利用反硝化-分解模型,该研究估算了四种不同的覆盖作物(如原生草(NG)、毛茸茸的野豌豆(Vicia villosa)、冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和深红三叶草(Trifolium incarnatum))在四种不同的氮(N)水平(如 0、50、100 和 150 千克 N/ha)下对棉花产量的影响,并估算了在 10 年研究期间对碳(C)螯合作用和生态系统功能的响应。NT-NG 50 N 被用作校准数据集,以 21% 的归一化均方根误差 (NRMSE) 和 0.3 的模型效率准确估计了棉花皮棉产量。校准数据验证了毛绒草、冬小麦和深红三叶草在 NT-50 N 条件下的影响,归一化均方根误差分别为 24%、21% 和 25%。根据情景分析,每公顷施用 50 千克氮,单次灌溉(10 厘米深),最有利于棉花产量的长期最大化。无论施氮量多少,增加覆盖作物生物量(即双倍播种量)对碳含量的影响因主要作物和覆盖作物种类之间的关系而异。此外,沟犁耕作系统还能有效固碳。在新界耕作法中,采用覆盖作物或作物秸秆覆盖代替增加氮的施用量、种子率和灌溉次数,可以实现农业和环境的可持续发展。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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