{"title":"N-Alkyl-1,2,4-triazole–Borane Complexes as High-Density Hypergolic Materials","authors":"Hongfu Jia, Wenqi Ma, Jinjie Chang, Chunlin He","doi":"10.1055/a-2310-0707","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrazine and its derivatives have served as a conventional bipropellant fuel for several decades. However, their extremely acute toxicity and carcinogenicity, high volatility, and environmental impact have attracted significant attention. In order to synthesize green bipropellant fuels with high density, high specific impulse, and good thermal stability, three novel <i>N</i>-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole–borane complexes were successfully synthesized by reacting alkylated 1,2,4-triazole coordinated with sodium borohydride in the presence of ammonium sulfate. During the droplet test with white fuming nitric acid, there was a relatively short ignition delay time of 98 ms. Additionally, these hypergolic fuels possessed a high density exceeding 1.10 g cm<sup>–3</sup>, and the specific impulse is ranging from 187 to 199 s, and the highest decomposition temperature reaches 153.4 °C. These results demonstrate their great potential as hypergolic fuels or hypergolic ionic liquid additives in the field of hypergolic materials.</p> ","PeriodicalId":22319,"journal":{"name":"Synlett","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Synlett","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2310-0707","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hydrazine and its derivatives have served as a conventional bipropellant fuel for several decades. However, their extremely acute toxicity and carcinogenicity, high volatility, and environmental impact have attracted significant attention. In order to synthesize green bipropellant fuels with high density, high specific impulse, and good thermal stability, three novel N-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole–borane complexes were successfully synthesized by reacting alkylated 1,2,4-triazole coordinated with sodium borohydride in the presence of ammonium sulfate. During the droplet test with white fuming nitric acid, there was a relatively short ignition delay time of 98 ms. Additionally, these hypergolic fuels possessed a high density exceeding 1.10 g cm–3, and the specific impulse is ranging from 187 to 199 s, and the highest decomposition temperature reaches 153.4 °C. These results demonstrate their great potential as hypergolic fuels or hypergolic ionic liquid additives in the field of hypergolic materials.
期刊介绍:
SYNLETT is an international journal reporting research results and current trends in chemical synthesis in short personalized reviews and preliminary communications. It covers all fields of scientific endeavor that involve organic synthesis, including catalysis, organometallic, medicinal, biological, and photochemistry, but also related disciplines and offers the possibility to publish scientific primary data.