Long Bone Morphology and Histology of the Stem Salamander Kulgeriherpeton ultimum (Caudata, Karauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Yakutia

IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY
P. P. Skutschas, P. G. Saburov, A. V. Uliakhin, V. V. Kolchanov
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Abstract

The morphology and histological structure of the humerus and femora of the stem karaurid salamander Kulgeriherpeton ultimum Skutschas et al., 2018, from the Lower Cretaceous Teete locality, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is described. The microanatomical and histological structure of K. ultimum is characterized by the presence of a thick compact primary cortex formed by a parallel-fibered bone; the absence (in the humerus) or presence of a small medullary cavity in the mid-diaphysis; the presence of a medullary cavity expanding towards the epiphyses, which continues in the proximal and distal parts as a complex network of branching canals, partially replaced by erosion bays; the presence of primary vascular canals and growth marks in the primary cortex; the presence of remnants of unresorbed cartilage and the Kashchenko’s line; active secondary remodeling with the formation of erosion bays similar to those in large-sized salamanders (other stem karaurid salamanders and cryptobranchids). Skeletochronological analysis of the humerus of K. ultimum showed that, at the time of the animal’s death, its individual age was 13–16 years, and the absence of a reduction in the distance between cyclic growth marks in the peripheral part of the cortex indicates that it belonged to an actively growing individual that had not reached its maximum possible size. The similarity in the morphology of the humerus and femur of K. ultimum and extant aquatic neotenic salamanders (absence of a dorsal crest on the humerus for the attachment of m. subcoracoscapularis, lower, forward-displaced trochanter of the femur, and shallow ventral fossa (fossa trochanterica) on the femur), as well as the presence of remnants of cartilage and preservation of Kashchenko’s line in the internal structure of limb bones, confirm conclusions about aquatic life style and neotenic nature of stem karaurid salamanders.

Abstract Image

雅库特下白垩统茎螈 Kulgeriherpeton ultimum(穴居动物,螈科)的长骨形态学和组织学
摘要 描述了来自萨哈共和国(雅库特)下白垩世Teete地点的茎卡氏蝾螈Kulgeriherpeton ultimum Skutschas等人,2018年的肱骨和股骨的形态学和组织学结构。K.ultimum的显微解剖学和组织学结构的特点是存在鳞片。ultimum的微观解剖学和组织学结构的特点是:存在由平行纤维骨形成的厚而紧密的原生皮层;在干骺端中部没有(在肱骨中)或存在一个小的髓腔;存在一个向骺端扩展的髓腔,该髓腔在近端和远端部分以复杂的分支管道网络的形式延续,部分被侵蚀湾取代;原生皮层中存在原生血管管和生长痕迹;存在未吸收软骨的残余物和卡先科线;与大型蝾螈(其他茎卡氏蝾螈和隐鳃鲵)类似,存在活跃的二次重塑,并形成侵蚀湾。对超大鲵肱骨的骨骼年代学分析表明,该动物死亡时的个体年龄为 13-16 岁,皮层外围部分的周期性生长标记之间的距离没有缩小,这表明它属于一个生长活跃的个体,但尚未达到其可能的最大体型。超群蝾螈的肱骨和股骨形态与现存的水生新螈相似(肱骨上没有附着蝾螈的背嵴)。),以及四肢骨内部结构中存在软骨残余和卡先科线(Kashchenko's line)的保留,证实了茎卡氏蝾螈的水生生活方式和新螈性的结论。
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来源期刊
Paleontological Journal
Paleontological Journal 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
33.30%
发文量
70
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Paleontological Journal (Paleontologicheskii zhurnal) is the principal Russian periodical in paleontology. The journal publishes original work on the anatomy, morphology, and taxonomy of fossil organisms, as well as their distribution, ecology, and origin. It also publishes studies on the evolution of organisms, ecosystems, and the biosphere and provides invaluable information on global biostratigraphy with an emphasis on Eastern Europe and Asia.
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