User Experience of Access to Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner and Emergency Contraception in Emergency Departments in the United States: A National Survey.

IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Colleen Cowdery, Diana Halloran, Rebecca Henderson, Ma Kathleen M Allen, Kelly O'Shea, Kristen Woodward, Susan Rifai, Scott A Cohen, Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury, Cristina Zeretzke-Bien, Lauren A Walter, Marie-Carmelle Elie-Turenne
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Abstract

Background: Despite the prevalence of sexual assault presentations to emergency departments (ED) in the United States, current access to sexual assault nurse examiners (SANE) and emergency contraception (EC) in EDs is unknown.

Methods: In this study we employed a "secret shopper," cross-sectional telephonic survey. A team attempted phone contact with a representative sample of EDs and asked respondents about the availability of SANEs and EC in their ED. Reported availability was correlated with variables including region, urban/rural status, hospital size, faith affiliation, academic affiliation, and existence of legislative requirements to offer EC.

Results: Over a two-month period in 2019, 1,046 calls to hospitals were attempted and 960 were completed (91.7% response rate). Of the 4,360 eligible hospitals listed in a federal database, 960 (22.0%) were contacted. Access to SANEs and EC were reported to be available in 48.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 45.5-52.0) and 42.5% (95% CI 39.4-45.7) of hospitals, respectively. Access to EC was positively correlated with SANE availability. The EDs reporting SANE and EC availability were more likely to be large, rural, and affiliated with an academic institution. Those reporting access to EC were more likely to be in the Northeast and in states with legislative requirements to offer EC.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that perceived access to sexual assault services and emergency contraception in EDs in the United States remains poor with regional and legislative disparities. Results suggest disparities in perceived access to EC and SANE in the ED, which have implications for improving ED practices regarding care of sexual assault victims.

美国用户在急诊科获得性攻击护士检查和紧急避孕的体验:全国调查。
背景:尽管性侵犯在美国急诊科(ED)中很普遍,但目前在急诊科获得性侵犯护士检查(SANE)和紧急避孕(EC)的情况尚不清楚:在这项研究中,我们采用了 "秘密购物者 "横断面电话调查。一个调查小组尝试与具有代表性的急诊室样本进行电话联系,询问受访者急诊室是否提供 SANE 和 EC。所报告的可用性与包括地区、城市/农村状况、医院规模、信仰隶属关系、学术隶属关系以及是否存在提供 EC 的立法要求等变量相关联:在 2019 年的两个月时间里,共尝试向医院拨打了 1,046 次电话,完成了 960 次(回复率为 91.7%)。在联邦数据库中列出的 4,360 家符合条件的医院中,有 960 家(22.0%)取得了联系。据报告,48.9%(95% 置信区间 [CI] 45.5-52.0)和 42.5%(95% 置信区间 39.4-45.7)的医院可获得 SANE 和 EC 服务。能否获得心电图与能否获得 SANE 呈正相关。报告可提供 SANE 和 EC 的急诊室更有可能是大型医院、农村医院和隶属于学术机构的医院。那些报告可提供心电图检查的急诊室更有可能位于东北部,并且所在的州有提供心电图检查的法律规定:我们的研究结果表明,美国急诊室的性侵犯服务和紧急避孕的可及性仍然很差,而且存在地区和立法差异。结果表明,人们认为在急诊室获得紧急避孕药具和 SANE 的机会存在差异,这对改善急诊室护理性侵犯受害者的做法具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine Medicine-Emergency Medicine
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.20%
发文量
125
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: WestJEM focuses on how the systems and delivery of emergency care affects health, health disparities, and health outcomes in communities and populations worldwide, including the impact of social conditions on the composition of patients seeking care in emergency departments.
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