Varietal differences in stem assimilate translocation and lodging resistance of rice under reduced nitrogen input

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Guohui Li, Zijun Yang, Yan Zhang, Cheng Zhou, Chenhui Zhang, Jiwei Xu, Changjin Zhu, Ke Xu
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Abstract

The low translocation rate of stem assimilates and lodging under high nitrogen conditions are major factors limiting the realization of the yield potential of rice. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the characteristics of stem nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) translocation and lodging resistance in different types of rice varieties and (2) elucidate the responses of stem NSCs translocation and lodging resistance to reduced nitrogen (RN) input. Field experiments were conducted using four types of rice varieties with two nitrogen levels, including normal nitrogen (NN, namely, farmer's practice, 225 kg N ha−1 for indica conventional and indica hybrid rice and 300 kg N ha−1 for japonica conventional and indica–japonica hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province, China) and 20% RN (180 and 240 kg N ha−1, respectively). The results showed that there were significant differences in the stem NSCs translocation and lodging index of the basal stem among different types of varieties; indica hybrid rice was the highest, followed by indica conventional rice and indica–japonica hybrid rice, while japonica conventional rice was the lowest. The high activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and sucrose phosphate synthase may contribute to high stem NSCs translocation. Correlation analysis revealed that NSCs translocation was significantly positively correlated with 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and lodging index, while it was significantly negatively correlated with dry weight/length, dry weight/volume, and bending stress of the basal stem. Compared with NN, RN significantly improved NSCs translocation and had no significant effect on the lodging resistance-related traits of the basal stem or grain yield. Therefore, this research indicates that a 20% reduction in nitrogen input can maintain grain yield by enhancing stem assimilate translocation without lodging resistance reduction and consequently synergizing nitrogen reduction, high yield, and lodging resistance.

Abstract Image

氮输入减少条件下水稻茎秆同化物转运和抗倒伏性的品种差异
在高氮条件下,茎秆同化物的低转化率和抗倒伏是限制水稻产量潜力发挥的主要因素。本研究的目的是:(1) 确定不同类型水稻品种茎秆非结构碳水化合物(NSCs)转位和抗倒伏性的特征;(2) 阐明茎秆非结构碳水化合物转位和抗倒伏性对减少氮(RN)投入的响应。采用四种水稻品种进行了两种施氮水平的田间试验,包括正常施氮(NN,即中国江苏省籼型常规稻和籼型杂交稻的农家施氮量,225 kg N ha-1;粳型常规稻和籼型杂交稻的农家施氮量,300 kg N ha-1)和 20% RN(分别为 180 kg N ha-1 和 240 kg N ha-1)。结果表明,不同品种的茎秆NSCs转位和基部茎秆的抗倒伏指数存在显著差异;籼型杂交稻最高,其次是籼型常规稻和籼粳杂交稻,而粳型常规稻最低。α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶的高活性可能是茎秆NSCs易位率高的原因。相关分析表明,NSCs转位与千粒重、谷物产量和结实指数显著正相关,而与干重/长度、干重/体积和基部茎秆弯曲应力显著负相关。与 NN 相比,RN 能明显改善 NSCs 的转移,而对基部茎秆的抗倒伏相关性状和谷物产量没有明显影响。因此,这项研究表明,减少 20% 的氮投入量可通过提高茎秆同化物的转位来保持谷物产量,而不会降低抗宿存性,从而实现减氮、高产和抗宿存的协同作用。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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