Long-term soil change in the US Great Plains: An evaluation of the Haas Soil Archive

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Mark A. Liebig, Francisco J. Calderon, Andrea K. Clemensen, Lisa Durso, Jessica L. Duttenhefner, Jed O. Eberly, Jonathan J. Halvorson, Virginia L. Jin, Kyle Mankin, Andrew J. Margenot, Catherine E. Stewart, Scott Van Pelt, Merle F. Vigil
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Abstract

Diverse patterns of climate and edaphic factors challenge detection of soil property change in the US Great Plains. Because detectable soil change can take decades, insights into the trajectory of soil properties frequently require long-term site monitoring and, where available, associated soil archives to enable comparisons with initial or baseline states. Unfortunately, few multi-decadal soil change investigations have been conducted in this region. Here, we document effects of dryland cropping on a suite of soil properties by comparing matched historic (1947) and contemporary (2018) soil samples from the Haas Soil Archive at three sites in the US Great Plains: Moccasin, MT, Akron, CO, and Big Spring, TX. Current analytical methods were used to provide insight into changes in soil texture, pH, carbon, and micronutrients at 0- to 15.2-cm and 15.2- to 30.5-cm depths. Changes in direction and magnitude of soil properties over 71 years were site specific. Changes in textural class occurred at all sites, with Moccasin and Akron transitioning from loam to clay loam and Big Spring from sandy clay loam to sandy loam. The soil pH reaction class changed from slightly alkaline to moderately acid at Akron and slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline at Big Spring. At 0–15.2 cm, soil organic carbon decreased by 15% and 36% at Moccasin and Big Spring, respectively, but increased by 15% at Akron. Soil micronutrients generally declined at all sites. Weather-related variables derived from air temperature and precipitation records were not correlated with soil change. Inferred factors contributing to soil change included on-site management, inherent soil features, weather metrics not evaluated, or a combination thereof.

Abstract Image

美国大平原的长期土壤变化:对哈斯土壤档案的评估
气候和环境因素的多样化模式对检测美国大平原的土壤特性变化提出了挑战。由于可检测到的土壤变化可能需要数十年的时间,因此要深入了解土壤特性的变化轨迹,往往需要长期的现场监测,并在有条件的地方建立相关的土壤档案,以便与初始状态或基线状态进行比较。遗憾的是,该地区很少进行十年以上的土壤变化调查。在此,我们通过比较美国大平原三个地点的哈斯土壤档案中匹配的历史(1947 年)和当代(2018 年)土壤样本,记录了旱地种植对一系列土壤特性的影响:这三个地点分别是:马萨诸塞州莫卡辛、科罗拉多州阿克伦和德克萨斯州大斯普林。采用当前的分析方法深入了解了 0 至 15.2 厘米和 15.2 至 30.5 厘米深度的土壤质地、pH 值、碳和微量营养元素的变化。71 年间,土壤特性的变化方向和幅度都因地而异。所有地点的质地等级都发生了变化,莫卡辛和阿克伦从壤土过渡到粘壤土,大泉则从砂质粘壤土过渡到砂质壤土。阿克伦的土壤 pH 反应等级从微碱性变为中度酸性,大泉的土壤 pH 反应等级从微碱性变为中度碱性。在 0-15.2 厘米处,莫卡辛和大泉的土壤有机碳分别减少了 15%和 36%,但阿克伦增加了 15%。所有地点的土壤微量营养元素普遍下降。从气温和降水记录中得出的天气相关变量与土壤变化无关。推断造成土壤变化的因素包括现场管理、土壤固有特征、未评估的天气指标或这些因素的组合。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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