The availability of male mates affects the social mating strategies of a predominantly socially monogamous passerine

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Daniel P. Cáceres Apaza, Gustavo J. Fernández, Paula S. Garrido Coria, Ramiro S. Arrieta, Paulo E. Llambías
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Abstract

We evaluated whether the availability of male mates affected mating strategies in a predominantly socially monogamous passerine, the grass wren Cistothorus platensis. We used the natural variation in adult sex ratio (ASR) and a male removal manipulation to assess if social polygyny was more frequent when male mates were less abundant. We evaluated the potential costs that females paid when breeding with a polygynous male by assessing how males distributed parental care between nests and analysing four correlates of breeding success (clutch size, nestling body condition, number of fledglings, and nest fate). Social monogamy was predominant when males were abundant while social polygyny was more frequent when the ASR was female-biased. The removal of males was associated with a high rate of social polygyny. Social polygyny occurred when males annexed the territory of a neighbouring female or when an unpaired female settled within the territory of a mated male. We identified several potential costs of social polygyny to females. Secondary females (females that laid eggs after the primary female) produced nestlings of lower body condition during the first half of the breeding season, received less help in feeding the brood, and increased their parental contribution. We suggest that while intrasexual competition may constrain social polygyny when males are abundant, reduced female life expectancy combined with moderate costs of male desertion may facilitate social polygyny when potential male mates are not available.

Abstract Image

雄性配偶的可得性影响着一种以社会一夫一妻制为主的传鸟的社会交配策略
我们评估了雄性配偶的可得性是否会影响以社会一夫一妻制为主的被动鸟类--草鹪(Cistothorus platensis)的交配策略。我们利用成体性别比(ASR)的自然变化和雄性移除操作来评估当雄性配偶较少时,社会多配偶是否更频繁。我们通过评估雄性如何在巢之间分配亲职照料以及分析繁殖成功率的四个相关因素(窝产仔数、雏鸟身体状况、雏鸟数量和巢的命运),评估了雌性在与多雄性繁殖时可能付出的代价。当雄鸟数量较多时,社会一夫一妻制占主导地位,而当ASR以雌鸟为主时,社会一夫多妻制更为常见。雄鸟被移走与社会一夫多妻制的高发生率有关。当雄性动物吞并邻近雌性动物的领地或未配对的雌性动物在已交配雄性动物的领地内定居时,社会多雄现象就会发生。我们发现了社会多性对雌性的几种潜在代价。次要雌性(在主要雌性之后产卵的雌性)在繁殖季节的前半期产下的雏鸟身体状况较差,在喂养雏鸟方面得到的帮助较少,并且增加了其对父母的贡献。我们认为,当雄性雌鸟数量较多时,性内竞争可能会限制社会多配偶制,而当没有潜在雄性配偶时,雌性雌鸟预期寿命的缩短加上适度的雄性遗弃成本可能会促进社会多配偶制。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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