Socio-demographic characteristics of patients with negative and positive symptoms in schizophrenia

Yu.A.  Kushnir
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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that leads to impaired social adaptation, interpersonal interaction, and disability. Negative symptoms are an integral part of schizophrenia. In the world psychiatric science and practice, there are still many questions about the typology of schizophrenia, the description of its clinical manifestations, first of all, the features of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Psychiatrists of different countries draw attention to the fact that these descriptions do not always coincide. Socio-demographic factors can be considered as factors affecting the prognosis of the course and outcome of schizophrenia. In this regard, a comprehensive approach to the study of socio-demographic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia involves the study of the influence of social factors on the formation and course of schizophrenia and determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of socio-demographic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia in order to improve diagnosis and create psycho-corrective measures. 252 patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia and 79 patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia were examined. During the research, a comprehensive approach was used, consisting  in the use of clinical-psychopathological, clinical-anamnestic and statistical research methods. Socio-demographic features of patients with negative symptoms in schizophrenia were established, consisting in the predominance of women; patients aged 20-29 years; persons with special secondary education; divorced and single persons; patients busy with physical labor; average level of material wealth; very poor and poor living conditions. Socio-demographic characteristics of patients with positive symptoms in schizophrenia were outlined by the predominance of men; patients aged 30-49 years; persons with incomplete higher education and with higher education; divorced and single persons; patients with disabilities; with extremely low and low levels of material well-being and a satisfactory level of living conditions. The conducted research made it possible to draw conclusions that socio-demographic features of patients with negative and positive symptoms have their own specificity, which should be taken into account when diagnosing patients with schizophrenia.
精神分裂症阴性和阳性症状患者的社会人口特征
精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍,会导致社会适应能力受损、人际交往障碍和残疾。阴性症状是精神分裂症的重要组成部分。在世界精神病科学和实践中,关于精神分裂症的分型、临床表现的描述,首先是精神分裂症阴性症状的特征,仍然存在许多问题。不同国家的精神病学家提请人们注意,这些描述并不总是一致的。社会人口因素可被视为影响精神分裂症病程和预后的因素。在这方面,研究精神分裂症患者社会人口学特征的综合方法涉及研究社会因素对精神分裂症形成和病程的影响,并决定了本研究的相关性。本研究的目的是确定精神分裂症患者的社会人口特征,以便改进诊断和制定心理矫正措施。研究对象包括 252 名精神分裂症阴性症状患者和 79 名精神分裂症阳性症状患者。在研究过程中采用了综合方法,包括临床-心理病理学、临床-精神分析和统计研究方法。确定了精神分裂症阴性症状患者的社会人口学特征,包括女性居多、患者年龄在 20-29 岁之间、受过中等特殊教育、离异和单身、忙于体力劳动、物质财富水平一般、生活条件极差和恶劣。精神分裂症阳性症状患者的社会人口学特征概括为:男性居多;患者年龄在 30-49 岁之间;未完成高等教育和受过高等教育者;离异和单身者;残疾患者;物质财富水平极低和较低,生活条件令人满意。研究得出的结论是,阴性症状和阳性症状患者的社会人口特征有其自身的特殊性,在诊断 精神分裂症患者时应加以考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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